【作者】 许亮；

【导师】 石碧；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 皮革化学与工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以牛皮为原料,对酶法水解牛皮制备胶原的关键控制因素进行了较系统的研究。研究了制备胶原时使用酶法预处理原料皮的方法,采用胃蛋白酶和蛋白酶GC106水解牛皮制备胶原的动力学过程以及水解产物的表征方法。结果表明,当采用中性蛋白酶1398和碱性蛋白酶2709对原料皮进行预处理时,酶法预处理方法能够同时满足清洁、高效的要求,其处理效果（主要表现为脱毛效果）与使用制革厂常用工艺的处理效果相同,而且酶法处理过程中蛋白质的溶出率较低。由于在采用酶法预处理原料皮的过程中不会使用含硫化合物,因此比传统预处理工艺更加清洁,同时酶法预处理将有利于胶原的提取和纯化。当采用胃蛋白酶水解牛皮时,在15℃～40℃范围内,提高温度、增加酶用量都将促进水解过程的进行,但当水解进行到一定程度时,延长水解时间不能明显提高水解程度。胃蛋白酶水解牛皮的水解过程符合内切酶限制水解历程,其动力学模型可以用[C]=b^-1·ln[1+a·b·t]来描述,同时水解动力学符合拟二级速度方程。当采用蛋白酶GC106水解牛皮时,在10℃～40℃范围内,提高温度、增加酶用量和延长时间都可以促进水解过程的进行。但蛋白酶GC106水解牛皮的水解过程不符合内切酶限制水解历程。胃蛋白酶和蛋白酶GC106水解牛皮的水解产物的粘度-温度变化规律相同,其水解液中胶原的热变性温度都在36℃左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 The key factors influencing collagen preparation by enzymatic hydrolysis of calf skin was systematically investigated. The enzymatic pre-treatment of raw skin, the hydrolysis kinetics of the skin by pepsin and protease GC106, and the methods for characterizing hydrolysates were studied. The results indicate that when neutral protease 1398 and alkaline protease 2709 was used to pre-treat the raw skin, high performance process of pre-treatment can be achieved. The effectiveness of enzymatic pre-treatment, particularly un-haring function, is as the same as the conventional beamhouse process of leather manufacturing. It was also found that the protein lose by using enzymatic pre-treatment is relative lower. The enzymatic pre-treatment should be an environmentally friendly process compared to the traditional treatment because of avoiding from the use of sulfide. At the same time, our experiments showed that the enzymatic pre-treatment favors preparation of collagen. When pepsin was used, in the temperature range of 15℃to 40℃, the hydrolysis process of calf skin was accelerated with the raise of temperature and the increase of enzyme offer. But the hydrolysis degree could not be remarkably increased by further extending hydrolysis time when some extents of hydrolysis had更多还原