【作者】 钟菁华；

【导师】 唐磊；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 法律， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 相信很多人都看过香港电影《无间道》，它描述的是两个“边缘人”——卧底人员的“无间”人生。所谓“无间”，指的是佛教故事中的无间地狱，在这个无间地狱中，人将永远受苦，毫无解脱的希望。在这部影片中，讲述了两个身份“混乱”的人，刘健明是香港黑帮三合会的会员，他听从黑帮老大的吩咐，加入香港警方成为卧底，并有望步步高升。陈永仁却是个警察，被上级安排退学，秘密执行进入三合会的卧底工作，，并终于成为帮里的红人。在一宗毒品交易中，显示出双方都有卧底潜伏……对于影片中的刘健明和陈永仁而言，生活随时都处在“边缘”地带，随时都可能因卧底身份的暴露而被打入无间地狱。 这部电影艺术上的成就无法掩饰一个长期被遮蔽的现实问题：那就是“卧底侦查”所面临的法律困境。 近年来，一些犯罪案件日益组织化、智能化、秘密化，面对汹涌的犯罪浪潮，采用常规的侦查手段已经难以满足打击犯罪，追惩犯罪的需要，在此背景下，刑事侦查也进入了一个科技化和智能化的时代，卧底侦查等秘密侦查手段应运而生。在应对有组织的犯罪的侦查中，卧底侦查手段的存在和应用已是不争的事实，而且它也是一种行之有效的手段。但对运用卧底侦查的方式来打击犯罪是否合法，法学界有不同看法，有肯定观点，有否定观点，也有折中的有限肯定观点。虽然在实际运用中，卧底侦查已为各国法律所认同，如美国的《洗钱控制法》授予政府使用卧底勤务的方式侦查违法金融交易活动，德国1992年的《刑事诉讼法》就规定了卧底侦查的条款。我国对卧底侦查只是给予了默认的态度，从现有法律规定来看，却都没有关于卧底侦查的明确规定，由于尚未纳入法制的轨道，卧底侦查还处于边缘化的状态，由此导致了其所涉及的许更多还原

【Abstract】 I think many people have seen the film <wu jian dao> made by Hong kong. It is described two men who undercover investigative in the criminal group. One is Liu jian-ming, who is a member of gangdom, at his boss’s bidding he join into the hong-kong police; the other is Chen yong-ren, who is actually a policeman, but was arranged to investigate the criminal group secretly. In a dealing of drug, there was the severe danger between the two men. If their status were uncovered, their securities were lost. Even maybe lost their lives.This film brings us a problem that there are many dilemmas of undercover investigative in the area of the law.In the recent years, many new crimes have been appearing. This sort of crimes shows itself of systematization, intelligence, and secret. Such as criminal syndicate, gangster Dom, and so on. Thus some old investigation measures have not satisfied with the need of publishing the delict. So a new investigation measure emerges, as the times require. It is an effective manner to organizing crimes. But there is a new problem: this manner is legal or illegal. To this problem, there are three points of view. One is positive point, the other is negative point, and the last is restricted affirmative point. Though in the practical life, the undercover investigation have been handled to many serious crimes and certificated by the law in many countries. For example, in America, "The Law of Money laundering Controlling" regulate that更多还原