【作者】 秦洁；

【导师】 景强；

【作者基本信息】 昆明医学院 ， 法医物证， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目的 建立渗透性与非渗透性载体上显现与未显现的汗潜指纹、血潜指纹的DNA检验方法，最大限度地发挥指纹特别是残缺不全以及模糊不清指纹的证据作用，为侦查破案及诉讼提供科学依据。方法采用Chelex-100法与Microcon-100纯化浓缩相结合提取法、磁珠法和Invisorb spin forensic试剂盒提取纯化人指纹中DNA，低拷贝模板(LCN)STR复合扩增、荧光电泳检测。结果首次建立了用Invisorb spin forensic试剂盒及QIAGENE系统对汗潜指纹DNA的提取纯化方法。玻片、纸张、胶带纸上的汗潜指纹均可得到完整的power plex16基因座的STR分型。对各种载体上经过常用的指纹显现法显现的汗潜指纹进行了系统研究。结果表明用铜粉、铝粉、荧光粉、黑磁粉、“502”胶、茚三酮、磺酸双三嗪荧光显色液显现的玻片和纸张上汗潜指纹可成功进行STR分型，而硝酸银显现的指纹不能成功进行STR基因分型，另外四甲基联苯胺、茚三酮、铝粉和铜粉显现后1小时、2周及1月提取的血潜指纹DNA，STR基因分型结果无明显影响，而氨基黑10B对DNA分型有一定影响。结论 建立了汗潜指纹、血潜指纹显现前后的微量DNA检验方法，并成功应用于实际案例。课题研究所创建的方法简单新颖、结果灵敏、稳定、可重复性好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Establish the DNA examination methods to the bloody latent fingerprints and sweaty latent fingerprints deposited on porous and nonporous carriers.Methods The biological sample DNA were successfully extracted with chelex-100- Microcon-100, magetic bead, silicic bead and filter method. Then the amplification multiplex was conducted in PCR System2400、 9700 thermal cycler, finally, we used 3100 Genetic Analyzer for analysis of amplification products. Results In order to evaluate the performance of latent fingerprint analysis in a criminal case,experinments with varying condition were carried out to improve our understanding of low copy number(LCN)DNA typing.The result showed,the sweaty fingerprints developped with copper powder,aluminium powder,fluorescence powder,black magnetic powder,ninhydrin,fluoresent liquid and cyanoatrylate ("502" glue) can be successfully STR typed,except the ones developped with AgNO3.In addition,benzidine,ninhydrin,gold powder and silver powder have not obvious influence on DNA examination of fresh or aged bloody latent fingerprints.The development of Amino Black is likely to influence further DNA examination if ethanol washing is improper. Conclusion We set up the DNA examination protocols of latent fingerprint on all kinds of carriers.In a few criminal cases,the method were successfully applied.更多还原