基于约束理论的生产计划与控制建模仿真研究

【作者】 陈栋；

【导师】 陈杰；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 制造资源的合理配置一直是研究的热点。快速变化的市场环境对于生产的效率、准时性和柔性要求日趋提高。高德拉特博士提出的约束理论是重要的现代生产管理和方法之一。但是在多品种小批量混流生产的调度中，由于制造系统的随机性特征，系统的瓶颈随着不同的产品组合或任务组合而漂移，变得难以确定。因此在实际应用中很难确定DBR调度方法的参数，如瓶颈的位置、缓冲的位置、缓冲的大小、生产批量和转运批量等。 在研究了约束理论、建模与仿真的基础上，提出了基于离散事件系统建模与仿真的改进的DBR生产计划与控制方法。该方法首先收集生产系统的数据，如任务数据、流程数据和能力数据，用离散事件系统建模与仿真软件来建立系统模型，然后仿真运行来确定系统的瓶颈；在确定了系统瓶颈的基础上通过仿真和模拟退火算法来确定和优化DBR的参数；最后根据得到的参数实施DBR生产的计划与控制。 在此改进的方法的基础上文章最后给出了一个运用该改进方法的实际调度案例。结果显示改进的DBR调度方法能有效地克服了原有DBR方法的缺点，提高了系统的产出、降低在制品库存，从而证明了该方法的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The allocation of manufacturing resources is always the hot topic of research. The requirements of the efficiency, punctuality and flexibility become more and more important facing the fast changing market environment. TOC (Theory of Constrains), proposed by doctor Goldratt, is one of the most important morden production management theory and methods. But, for the complexity hybrid production scheduling under multi-product and small lot-size environment, the bottlenecks are difficult to be identified and drifting with different products mix or tasks combination because of the stochastic features of manufacturing systems. Therefore, in practice, it is very difficult to be determined the parameters of DBR scheduling method, which include the location of bottlenecks, location of buffers, sizes of buffers, transfer lot-size and task lot-size.On the base of the study of theory of constraints, modeling and simualation, the metheod of DBR production planning and controlling based on discrete event modeling and simulation is proposed. The improved method first collects the production system data such as task data, process data and capacity data and builds the model of the production system using discrete event modeling and simulation software, and then run the model to determine the location of bottleneck. After identifying the bottleneck, the parameters of DBR are determined and optimized through simulation and simulated annealing algorithm. At last the scheduling with DBR is implemented according to the optimized parameters.On base of the improved method, a specific scheduling example for products mix is given. The results show that the improved DBR scheduling method can effectively overcome the weakness of original DBR, which is proven to be helpful to increase the throughputs of system and lower WIP.更多还原