【作者】 王志强；

【导师】 范进； 左晓宝；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，基于能量的抗震设计是国内外地震工程界研究的热点问题。本文将能量方法用于工程结构地震反应分析，并运用动力时程分析方法对单自由度和大跨桥梁结构的能量反应进行研究。 首先，本文利用单自由度结构运动微分方程，建立了结构在地震作用下的能量反应方程。运用Fortran程序编制了能量反应分析程序，并利用该程序，分析了单自由度结构体系在地震作用下的能量反应。结果表明，地震动三要素(峰值、频谱、持时)和结构自身动力参数(阻尼比、弹性极限)等因素对地震总输入能以及能量在阻尼耗能、滞回耗能之间的分配有重要影响。主要表现为：1)随着地震动峰值增大，地震总输入能显著增加，并且滞回耗能比例变大；2)随着阻尼比的增大，结构总能量变化不大，结构滞回耗能减小。 其次，论文中以润扬大桥北汊斜拉桥为研究对象，运用大型有限元软件ANSYS建立了斜拉桥结构的计算模型，分析了斜拉桥自身的动力特性，主要包括自由振动频率、振型特性等。选取天津波、TAFT波、EI—Centro波作为输入地震波，进行了时程反应分析，得到了结构的能量耗散时程曲线以及结构的振动特点。结果表明：1)根据所选地震波的不同，结构阻尼耗能变化明显；2)结构的位移反应有较大差异，但结构振动的频率接近，即结构将出现第五振型(竖向)、第七振型(横向)形式的振动。 最后，本文将TMD运用到斜拉桥地震反应控制中，建立了基于TMD的斜拉桥地震反应控制模型，并应用该模型分析了TMD的参数(质量、自振频率、阻尼比)对斜拉桥结构反应(能量、位移、力)控制效果的影响。结果表明，TMD能够有效地减小桥梁主体的耗能，抑制结构的位移响应，提高结构的振动衰减速度，从而达到控制桥梁结构在地震作用下的振动反应的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, energy-based aseismic design is a popular research project in the field of earthquake engineering in the world. This paper applies energy method for analyzing vibration response under earthquake excitation, and deals with the energy response of single degree of freedom structure and long-span bridge structure by utilzing the dynamical time-history analysis method.Firstly, based on the vibration differential equation, the energy response equation of a structure under the earthquake excitation is established. Energy response analysis program is compiled using FORTRAN language, and it is utilzed to analyze the energy response of single-degree of freedom under the earthquake excitation. The result shows that the seismic parameters (amplitude, frequency spectrum and lasting time) and the structural dynamic parameters (damping ratio, periods of free vibration and factor of elastic limit) play important roles in the total structural aseismic input energy and its distribution between damping energy and hysteretic dissipated energy, there have: 1) With the increasing of the ground motion amplitude, the total input energy increases rapidly, and the ratio of hysteretic dissipated energy becomes larger; 2) When the damping ratio increasing, the ratio of hysteretic dissipated energy decreases, but the total input energy remains almost the same value.Secondly, this paper takes the north cable-stayed bridge of Runyang bridge as a research object, and applying ANSYS general FEM software to set up the FEM model of this cable-stayed bridge structure. The special dynamical characteristics of this bridge are investigated, including the natural frequency, the features of natural models and so on. Tianjin wave, Taft wave and EI-centro wave are chosen as the input ground motion, and time-history analysis is adopted to acquire the structure’s time-history curve of energy distribution and vibration features. The result show that the damping energy varies from each other between the different ground motion records. It also shows that the displacement response of the structure differs while the frequency of structure vibration is close to each other, and the structure will vibrate in the 5th (vertical) and 7th (horizontal) mode shape in detail.Finally, this paper applies TMD to control the vibration response of the cable-staged bridge under earthquake excitation, the model of which is set up based on TMD. The effect of TMD parameters (mass, natural frequency, damping ratio) on controlling the cable-staged bridge structure response (energy, displacement, force) is analyzed. The results indicate that the TMD can decrease the energy dissipation attribute to major更多还原