【作者】 陆文总；

【导师】 高玉鹏；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验较为系统地研究了家禽玉米-豆粕型日粮在添加植酸酶后,其植酸水平与主要营养物质消化率的关系。消化代谢试验选体重相近、采食正常健康的爱拔益加成年公鸡24只,采用单因子随机区组试验设计方法,分为6组,每组设4个重复,每重复1只鸡,在其日粮植酸水平分别为:0.00%、0.40%、0.60%、0.80%、1.00%和1.20%条件下,研究家禽玉米-杂粕型日粮中添加植酸酶后主要营养物质的代谢。空白代谢试验结果表明:(1)试验公鸡内源磷的排泄量有较大的个体差异,最高达30.13g,最低为15.16g,变异系数最大为37.95%。(2)试验公鸡内源钙的排泄量个体差异较小,最高达45.26g,最低为21.36g,变异系数最大为9.74%。消化代谢试验结果表明:(1)干物质表观消化率在基础日粮中表现出较大的波动下降趋势。添加植酸酶后饲粮干物质表观消化率都有所提高,但随着日粮植酸含量的增加而表现出较小的波动下降趋势,其差异未达显著水平(P>0.1)。(2)基础对照日粮中磷的真消化率与日粮植酸水平有极显著的负相关关系(R2=0.9335,P=0.0017 )。添加植酸酶之后磷的真消化率与日粮植酸水平的线性关系是y=-6.9857x+47.507(R2=0.6367,P=0.058)。(3)日粮中添加植酸酶后,钙真消化率均有不同程度的提高。在日粮植酸水平达0.60%后钙的真消化率才有显著提高(P<0.05)。(4)添加植酸酶后日粮粗蛋白表观消化率均有所提高,在日粮植酸为0.00%、0.40%、0.60%、0.80%、1.00%和1.20%水平下,分别比对照组提高了0.07%、1.63%、3.83%、4.11%、4.79%、5.82%,但总体差异不显著,y=-8.4053x+82.087(R2=0.7507,P=0.026)。(5)基础对照日粮中大部分氨基酸表观消化率与日粮植酸水平呈显著的负相关关系(P<0.05)。而添加植酸酶后对试验公鸡氨基酸表观消化率除了甘氨酸外均呈现出增高的趋势,其中赖氨酸(Lys)在日粮植酸含量0.60%时提高幅度最大达4.36%,处理组Lys表观消化率与日粮植酸水平呈极显著的线性关系,y=-18.602x+92.111(R2=0.9013,P=0.0038);蛋氨酸(Met)在必需氨基酸中的提高幅度最大,达到8.68%,处理组Met表观消化率与日粮植酸水平也呈显著的线性关系,y=-12.586x+85.509(R2=0.7868,P=0.0184)。(6)基础日粮中试验鸡的表观代谢能随着日粮植酸含量的增加而显著降低(P<0.05),而添加植酸酶后鸡表观代谢则得到提高。当日粮植酸含量达1.00%时才表现出显著增高(P=0.0476),且与日粮植酸水平呈显著的线性关系,y=-310.45x+3022.1(R2=0.6688,P=0.048)。试验研究结果表明,植酸酶能有效地降解家禽日粮植酸所螯合的营养物质,并促进营养物质的利用吸收。由此建立了日粮不同植酸含量与主要营养物质消化率的回归关系方程,为确定家禽日粮钙磷、蛋白质、氨基酸、代谢能的配制水平提供了参考,对精确评定植酸酶的潜在营养价值提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present study concentrated on the relationship between phytic acid content of corn-soybean basal diets added microbial phytase to cocks and nutrients metabolism were systematically observed by means of the digestion-metabolism experiments. Twenty-four Arbor Acres cocks were randomly divided into six groups with four duplicates in the experiment to study regressive equations of the nutrients metabolism with content of phytic acid with addition of adequate microbial phytase at the dose of 1200 FTU/kg in corn-soybean meal diets, levels of phytic acid were 0.00%, 0.40%, 0.60%, 0.80%, 1.00%, 1.20% ,respectively.The results of control metabolism experiments were as follows: 1. Endogenous phosphorus determined at the terminal ileum was 30.13g at most and 15.16g at least, the highest coefficient of variance was 37.95%. 2. Endogenous calcium determined at the terminal ileum was 45.26g at most and 21.36g at least, the highest coefficient of variance was 9.74%.The results of digestion-metabolism experiments were as follows:1. The apparent digestibility of dry matter was decreased by increase of phytic acid content of basal diets, the addition of phytase to basal diets did not affect the digestibility of dry matter(P>0.1)significantly, but can enhanced 16.53% at most.2. The true digestibility of phosphorus was decreased significantly with the increase of phytic acid content in basal diets, by supplemental phytase on diets it was improved significantly with phytic acid content, and the linear regressive equation was y=-6.9857x+47.507(R2=0.6367,P=0.058).3. The true digestibility of calcium was decreased significantly with the increase of phytic acid content in basal diets, it was increased a litter after added phytase and effected significantly with 0.60% phytic acid content(P<0.05),but the linear regressive equation was not express.4. The addition of phytase to the diets, apparent digestibility of crude protein was decreased 0.07%,1.63%,3.83%,4.11%,4.79% and 5.82% with the increase of phytic acid content, the linear regressive relation was y=-8.4053x+82.087(R2=0.7507,P=0.026).5. The apparent digestibility of amino acid were decreased significantly by increase of phytic acid content, by supplemental phytase on diets it was improved except for Gly. The apparent digestibility of Lys, Met was improved 4.36% ,8.68% at most, their linear regressive relation were y=-18.602x+92.111(R2=0.9013,P=0.0038)and y=-12.586x+85.509(R2=0.7868,更多还原