【作者】 姚秋燕；

【导师】 井金学；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 植物病理学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 小麦条锈病是世界范围内危害最为严重的小麦病害之一,抗病品种的选育和利用是防治该病害的核心措施。然而,由于抗病遗传基础的狭窄和新的毒性小种的变异使抗病品种不断丧失抗性,因此,寻找高品位基因培育持久抗病品种成为研究的焦点。高温抗条锈性是一种非小种专化抗病性,具有相对持久抗条锈性。小偃6号是上世纪70年代末利用长穗偃麦草基因育成的著名品种,具有高温抗条锈性,研究其高温抗条锈性遗传规律,对揭示其抗病机制和培育持久抗病品种具有重要意义;对其抗条锈基因进行分子标记,有助于分子标记辅助选择育种、加速育种进程和培育更持久的多基因累加品种。本研究采用经典遗传分析、单体分析技术、SSR分子标记技术对小偃6号的高温抗条锈性遗传机制进行了较为全面的研究,主要取得了如下结果:1.在高温(20~22℃)条件下,用小麦条锈菌优势小种CY29-mut3、CY30、CY31、CY32和Su-4分别接种小偃6号、铭贤169及其杂交后代各株系幼苗,对小偃6号进行了抗条锈性遗传分析。结果表明,小偃6号对菌系CY29-mut3、CY31和Su-4的抗病性由1显1隐两对基因独立遗传控制;对菌系CY30和CY32的抗病性由2对互补显性基因控制。2.以一套中国春单体及二体为工具,用单体分析技术,将小偃6号高温条件下对条锈菌CY29-mut3的2对抗条锈基因分别定位于4B和5A上。3.以抗病亲本小偃6号、感病亲本铭贤169及小偃6号和铭贤169杂交F3代群体作为材料,采用SSR分子标记技术,共用了121对SSR引物,找到了与小偃6号高温抗条锈基因连锁的SSR分子标记Xgwm304,用Mapmaker3.0软件计算连锁距离,连锁距离为17.05cM,已知Xgwm304位于5A染色体的短臂上,因此该基因定位于5AS上,已报道的抗条锈基因没有位于5AS上的,该基因可能为新发现的高温抗条锈基因,暂定名为Yrhxy。更多还原

【Abstract】 Stripe rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of most serious disease in the world. Aplication of cultivars resistance is the most important method of controlling stripe rust of wheat. But in several years cultivars breakdown because of single cultivars and resistance gene overcomed by new pathogen. So the research of cultivars resistance paid closed attention. Researchers are trying to find means of overcoming cultivars“breakdown”from inheritance mechanisms.Xiaoyan6,which developed by using exogenous genes from Elytrigia elongata at the end of 70’s last century, is a famous variety that has high-temperature resistance to stripe rust. Inheritance of stripe rust resistance gene in xiaoyan6 is important for revealing mechanism of resistance to stripe rust and developing durable cultivar. By genetic analysis, monosomic analysis and the SSR technique, the result showed as follows:1. In controlling temperature(20~22℃), seedlings of Xiaoyan 6, Mingxian 169 and their F2 progeny were tested with China races (CY29-mut3,CY30,CY31,CY32 and Su-4) of Puccinia striiform f.sp.tritici. The results indicated that one dominant gene and one recessive gene confer resistance to CY29-mut3, CY31 and Su-4, two complementary dominant genes to CY30 and CY32 in Xiao yan6.2. To determine the chromosomic location of genes, material of monosomic Chinese Spring was applied, XiaoYan6 was crossed with Ming xian169 and F3 lines were obtained from self-pollinated monosomic F2 plants. Seedlings of F3 lines were inoculated with CY29-mut3. The results showed that two high-temperature resistance genes were located on 4B and 5A chromosomes.3. In term of 121 primers of SSR maker, F3 lines were developed from the cross of XiaoYan6 and Ming xian169 to identify the maker linked with gene Yrhxy. One maker Xgwm304 linked to gene Yrhxy was screened by combining SSR molecular maker with BSA (bulked segregation analysis) method. The Yrhxy gene was mapped on the short arm of 5A chromosome. The genetic distance of Xgwm304 to Yrhxy was 17.05cM by mapmaker3.0 analysis soft. Resistance stripe rust gene in xiaoyan 6 was located on chromosomes 5AS with classical genetic in high temperature. By chromosome location and molecular markers, the更多还原