【作者】 张向华；

【导师】 张善文；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 中国古典文献学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 《大学》是中国思想史、文化史上深有影响的儒家经典，但在其成书年代、思想的学派归属以及若干思想范畴的阐释上却历来多有争议，至今远未得到解决。本文亦对《大学》的成书问题及“格物”的阐释展开研究，以期能对以上问题的解决作力所能及的推进。 在成书的考证上，本文以义理、文献、历史情势三结合为原则，同时把握《大学》思想具有体系性、整体性的特征，指出其成书年代当在战国晚期至西汉政权成立前这一时段之间；至于《大学》思想内容的学派归属问题，则认为其当出于荀学，是荀学批判、修正、乃至综合孟学，并适应战国后期历史形势而提出的一个“告之以大古，教之以至顺”的儒家理想纲领，且其为荀学《礼》学的精神纲领亦未尝不可。对于《大学》“格物”的阐释，本文认为应当尊重现有《大学》文本，在把握先秦儒学之思想特征的基础上，以同类文献相发明。根据以上原则进行探讨，可以发现认“格物”当是一种践礼行为，对“格”的诸多解释中，“至”比较合理，因为它有亲自接触的意涵；同时“格”的行为又包含着“有格”的要求，要求在实践中力求合乎礼义，“格物”是一个不断砥砺的过程，是境界不断提升的前提。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Great Learning is one of the most influential classic of Confucius School in both Chinese Historical Thoughts and cultural history, yet certain argumentations on this text’s writing completion, school belonging and other thought category explanations have not settle down till today. This thesis is one of the above studies on the completion issue and "Ko Wu" explanation of The Great Learning and advancement on this field.On the study of this text’s writing completion, basing on the three principles of The Great Learning’s thought logic, documentations, and historical situation, characteristic of The Great Learning’s systematic and wholeness, this thesis points out that the date of this text’s completion should be between late of War States but before foundation of West Han Dynasty; this thesis holds that The Great Learning should belong to the Xun School. Xun’s critical revised and even comprehensive thoughts of Mencius, Confucius’ ideal outline to cater the historical situation of late War States and might be the spiritual outline of Xun’s thoughts of ritual. A basics way of elucidating The Great Learning is based on its current text and by referring to similar documents. In addition to this rule, characteristics of pre-Qin Confucianism were considered in this article when the author criticized former elucidation of "Ko Wu". A novel perspective in understanding "Ko Wu" is given. "Ko Wu" is a ritual practice and "Ko" can be interpreted as "Zhi" for that "Zhi " means contacting things personally and directly. On the other hand, the action of "Ko" requires "having Ko", which means practices should be consistent with the ritual spirit. Taken together, "Ko Wu" is a process of continuous hardening by self-discipline and is a prerequisite to improve the state of one’s life.更多还原