【作者】 柯明纯；

【导师】 丁凡；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 经过上个世纪液压传动与控制技术的快速发展，如今液压传动与控制技术已经成为是集液压技术、微电子技术、传感检测技术、计算机控制及现代控制理论等众多学科于一体的高交叉性、高综合性的技术学科，具有显著的机电液一体化特征，广泛地应用于工业、工程机械、农业、林业、渔业、军事、航天等领域，对社会各个领域的发展产生了一系列重大的影响。作为液压控制系统主要输出执行元件之一的液压马达，以及电液比例控制系统中主要元件之一的电液比例节流阀，它们的性能对整个系统的性能有着重要的影响，因此对它们性能分析与测试的研究有着重要的意义。论文对斜轴式轴向柱塞液压马达进行了运动受力分析和泄漏分析等，建立了考虑背压下液压马达机械效率和容积效率等数学模型，通过理论和实验分析了背压、载荷、转速等参数对其效率的影响；论文还对直动式单级电液比例节流阀的性能进行了分析，建立了阀用比例电磁铁静动态特性、电液比例节流阀流量静动态特性以及其频响特性液压测试系统等的数学模型，分析了比例电磁铁和电液比例节流阀结构参数对性能的影响，提出并验证了电液比例节流阀频响特性测试的一种简单、实用的试验方法。理论分析和试验研究得出了一些对液压马达和电液比例节流阀的开发、测试与使用具有参考价值的结论。 各章内容分述如下： 第一章，在综合国内外文献的基础上，介绍了液压马达和电液比例节流阀的发展及其应用，就其研究现状分析和总结出液压马达和电液比例节流阀的若干发展趋势，还分析了现有相应测试试验台及其优缺点；最后，简要概括了本课题的研究意义和主要研究内容。 第二章，以斜轴式轴向柱塞液压马达为例，基于运动学和流体力学等理论，建立了考虑背压下液压马达效率的数学模型，分析了背压、载荷、转速等参数对其效率的影响；在现有试验条件基础上，组建了自动液压马达测试系统；基于Matlab软件平台，进行了仿真；完成了多种情况下液压马达性能试验；特别对背压对液压马达效率的影响作了深入的探讨，得到了背压通过增大摩擦转矩使液压马达效率降低且影响非常明显等结论。 第三章，基于电磁学、流体力学、运动学等理论，建立了阀用比例电磁铁静动态特性、电液比例节流阀流量静动态特性以及其频响特性液压测试系统等数学模型；通过仿真计算，分析了比例电磁铁和电液比例节流阀结构参数对各自性能的影响；在现有实验条件基础上，组建了自动电液比例节流阀测试系统：通过理论分析和试验研究，提出并验证了电液比例节流阀频响特性测试的一种简单、实用的试验方法；进行了电液比例节流阀的静动态特性试验，对试验结果进行了分析与总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the fast development of fluid power and control technique in the last century, it has been developed as a highly integrated interdiscipline of hydraulic technique, microelectronic technique, sensors & testing technology, modern control theory etc.. Fluid power and control technique has combined characteristic of fluid power and mechatronics obviously. The technique has been widely applied to industry, agriculture and so on. Hydraulic motor and electro-hydraulic proportional throttle are two important hydraulic components in hydraulic control system, so the analysis and testing of their performance is very important. Taking axial piston-bent axis hydraulic motor and direct drive & single-stage electro-hydraulic proportional throttle as example, based on the theory of electromagnetics, hydromechanics and kinematics etc., the mathematical models of hydraulic motor’s efficiency, proportion electro-magnet’s performance, electro-hydraulic proportional throttle’s performance and frequency response’s hydraulic testing system are established, the influence of their parameters on their performance is analyzed by compute emulation and experimental study. Based on theory analysis and experimental study, some conclusion which has significance for design, testing and application is summarized.In chapter 1, based on documents at home and abroad, the development and application of hydraulic motor and electro-hydraulic proportional throttle is analyzed, some trends on the development of them are summarized, the characteristics of testing system of them which are existing at home are also analyzed. At last, the significance and main contents of research are summarized in brief.In chapter 2, taking axial piston-bent axis hydraulic motor as example, the mathematical model of its efficiency is established, and the influence of parameters about backing pressure, rotational speed etc. on hydraulic motor’s efficiency is analyzed. On the basis of existing experimental condition, the automatic hydraulic motor testing system is built, and experiment with different condition is accomplished. The influence of backing pressure on hydraulic motor’s efficiency is discussed in detail especially, the results show that the friction torque increases and the mechanical efficiency of hydraulic motor decreases under backing pressure etc..In chapter 3, based on the theory of electromagnetics, hydromechanics and kinematics etc., the mathematical models of proportion electro-magnet’s performance, electro-hydraulic proportional throttle’s performance and frequency response’s hydraulic testing system are established. The influence of their parameters on their更多还原