普及农村义务教育对城乡收入差距的影响研究

【作者】 王斌斌；

【导师】 吕炜；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 行政管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来，我国经济持续高速增长，但城乡差距，特别是城乡收入差距在持续扩大。本文基于1986—2002年间的统计数据估计普及农村义务教育对城乡收入差距的影响。在研究方法上，除了运用实证分析和规范分析等传统的经济学分析方法外，还运用了统计学、管理学等分析方法，这些方法为本文的研究提供了独特的视角，对普及农村义务教育对城乡收入差距的影响做出较为科学的判断，并力图以此为基础提出相关对策，具有理论上的合理性和操作上的可行性。 对普及农村义务教育对城乡收入差距影响的实证研究，首要的问题就是数据上的准确性和统计上的可比性问题。在中国，对官方统计资料的质疑由来已久，这也是困扰从事这方面研究学者的最大难题。但在目前的条件下，在各种资料存在差异的情况下，官方统计资料往往可能是最佳的依据。本文所使用的数据尽以各年度《中国统计年鉴》和其它官方统计年鉴为主。同时，笔者借鉴了已有研究的做法，在必要时对这些官方统计资料进行了一定的调整，力求使这些统计资料更加真实，并具有横向和纵向的可比性。 本文的研究是这样进行逻辑构思的：首先，本文阐述了义务教育、城乡收入差距这一对基本概念，以库兹涅茨的“倒U型”假设和人力资本理论为基础探究教育与城乡收入差距之间的关系，为笔者的研究进行铺垫；其次，通过我国农村义务教育与城乡收入差距的历史回顾对两者进行数据分析并在普及农村义务教育政策扩散效应分析的基础上，对普及农村义务教育对城乡收入差距影响进行实证研究，根据实证结果进行农村义务教育普及的宏观效果前瞻得出简要结论，最后通过义务教育的国际经验的借鉴及前文的实证分析得出政策建议。 同时，本文的研究还力求在以下方面有所创新： 第一，本文是一篇关于公共政策领域里的教育政策的研究，是一种对策研究，探讨了现行教育政策对经济的影响。第二，对体制和政策因素在城乡收入差距中的角色进行了较为详尽的探讨。第三，在对农村义务教育普及的政策效果前瞻的基础上，对实现我国农村义务教育的普及提出了一系列具有实际操作更多还原

【Abstract】 Ever since the adoption of the reform and opening—up policy, China has been enjoying a sustained economic boom. But the income gap between urban and rural citizen has also been continuously enlarging.The article, collecting statistic data from 1986 to 2002, evaluates the impact of rural compulsory education on the gap between urban and rural. The article made rational judgment, which is about the impact on gap between urban and rural, from particular aspect by the statistics & management analysis method, as well as traditional economic analysis methods. And it also provided the readers feasible and rational methods to solve the problem about gap.Obtaining exact and comparative data, which is the most difficult problem in the analysis, is crucial to the positive research about impact of rural compulsory education on income gap between urban and rural citizens. Although there is difference information, nowadays authoritative statistic data, which is the main resource of this article, is probably the best choice under these circumstances. The article is consisted of three parts. First, author introduced the concept of compulsory education and income gap between urban and rural, and analyzed the mutual relationship of them. Second, the author reviewed the historical gap and discussed the positive impact of interrelation between compulsory education and income gap. Finally the author made the policy suggestion about how to solve the problem.This article have some special characteristic, such as discussing impact of education policy on economic, analyze the role of policy, providing a feasible policy about compulsory education and so on..According to the conclusion of this study, the population of rural compulsory education can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural citizens, and the structural readjustment of industries and the improvement of conditions for the trade of industrial and agricultural products can curb the enlargement of income更多还原