【作者】 高玉红；

【导师】 牛俊义； 李胜；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 以草麻黄幼苗为外植体,研究了不同培养条件、激素配比、盐浓度下愈伤组织的诱导、增殖及其麻黄碱含量。结果表明:1.不同激素配比对麻黄愈伤组织的诱导和增殖具有较大影响。生长素2,4-D较IAA先诱导出愈伤组织;而细胞分裂素6-BA对愈伤组织诱导效应要优于KT,在0.5mg/l 6-BA+1.0mg/l 2,4-D的培养基上的诱导率达94.8%。以草麻黄幼叶为外植体时,在MS附加1.0mg/l KT+1.0mg/l 2,4-D的培养基上诱导率最高;而下胚轴则在附加1.0mg/l 2,4-D+0.5mg/l 6-BA上的诱导率最高,达94.8%,高于幼叶和幼根的诱导率。以中麻黄幼叶为外植体时,在MS附加0.1mg/l KT+1.0mg/l 2,4-D和附加2.0mg/l 2,4-D+0.5mg/l 6-BA的培养基上,愈伤组织诱导率分别为76.9%和76.7%,较附加0.5mg/l KT+0.2mg/l 2,4-D的高出27.7%和27.4%(p<0.01);而下胚轴在MS+2.0mg/l 2,4-D+0.5mg/l 6-BA培养基上的诱导率最高,达88.7%。2.较高浓度的蔗糖(30g/l)有利于麻黄愈伤组织诱导,在MS附加1.0mg/l KT+1.5mg/l 2,4-D的培养基诱导率最高,达88.1%。在附加2.0mg/l 6-BA+0.2mg/l IAA的培养基上,蔗糖浓度为25g/l和30g/l时,愈伤组织增殖阶段的成活率最高,均达100%,比蔗糖浓度为40g/l高出4.5%(p<0.05)。琼脂浓度对愈伤组织诱导影响不明显。3.麻黄在不同光质条件下均能诱导产生愈伤组织,诱导率表现为:黄光>蓝光>红光>白光>绿光>黑暗。在MS附加1.0 mg/l KT+1.5mg/l 2,4-D的培养基上,黄光下愈伤组织诱导率最高,达89.6%,比黑暗培养条件下高出81.0%(p<0.01)。较附加2.0mg/l 6-BA+0.2mg/l IAA和2.0mg/l 2,4-D+0.5mg/l 6-BA的分别高出3.7%和1.2%。4.不同光质下愈伤组织的增殖效应也存在差异,蓝光下麻黄愈伤组织成活率最高,达90.4%,较黑暗条件下的成活率高出55.3%(p<0.01)。30d后测其直径,各光质条件下愈伤组织增殖均比较明显,其中蓝光下增殖倍数最大,为12倍。5.在NaCl胁迫下,麻黄愈伤组织同其植株一样具有一定的耐盐性,在愈伤组织生长初期,盐分处理下愈伤组织生长不明显。而培养12～15d后,在NaCl浓度为1.0g/l、2.0g/l和4.0g/l的培养基上,愈伤组织均能够正常生长;而在6.0g/l、8.0g/l和10.0g/l的培养基上,愈伤组织生长缓慢,生长速度明显低于对照。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking E. Sinica Stapf seedling as the explants, the callus induction, propagation and the content of ephedrine were examined under different light qualities, hormone combinations and NaCl concentrations. The results showed that:1. The callus induction and propagation of E. Sinica Stapf were greatly affected by different hormone combinations. 2,4-D induced the callus early than IAA. The effects of 6-BA on callus induction were better than that of KT. The induction rate was 94.8% in the medium of MS+0.5mg/l 6-BA+1.0mg/l 2,4-D.Taking young leaves of E. Sinica Stapf as the explants, the callus induction rate was the highest in the medium of MS+1.0mg/l KT+1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. But hypocotyls had the highest induction rate of 94.8% in the medium of MS+0.5mg/l 6-BA+1.0 mg/l 2,4-D, which was higher than the callus induction rates of young leaves and roots.Taking young leaves of E.intermedia Schrenk ex Mey as the explants, the induction rates in the medium of MS+1.0mg/l KT+1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and MS+0.5mg/l 6-BA+2.0 mg/l 2,4-D were 76.9% and 76.7% respectively, they were 27.7% and 27.4% higher (p<0.01) than MS + 0.5mg/l KT + 0.2mg/l 2,4-D. The callus induction rate of hypocotyls was the highest in the medium of MS+0.5mg/l 6-BA+2.0 mg/l 2,4-D, it was 88.7%.2.The higher sugar concentration (30g/l) was better for E. Sinica Stapf caullus induction. The callus induction rate was the highest in the medium of MS+1mg/l KT+1.5 mg/l 2,4- D, it was 88.1%. The survival rate of callus was the highest in the medium of MS+2.0mg/l 6-BA+0.2mg/l IAA with the sugar concentrations of 25g/l or 30g/l, it was 100%, which was 4.5% higher than the sugar concentration of 40g/l ( p<0.05). Agar concentration had no effect on callus induction.3. The sequence of the callus induction rate of E. Sinica Stapf under different light qualities was: yellow light > blue light > red light > white light > green light > dark. In the medium of MS+1.0 mg/l KT+1.5 mg/l 2,4-D, the callus induction rate was the highest in yellow light, it was 89.6%, which was 81.0% higher ( p<0.01) than that of dark condition, and 3.7% and 1.2% higher than in the medium of MS+2mg/l 6-BA+0.2mg/l IAA and MS+2mg/l 2,4-D+0.5mg/l 6-BA, respectively.4. Different light qualities had significant effects on callus propagation of E. Sinica更多还原