拉萨地区中小学美术教育研究

【作者】 王勇；

【导师】 聂危谷；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是统一的多民族社会主义国家,藏族是中华民族大家庭中的一员。加快西藏经济社会发展,维护民族团结和国家统一,不仅是关系到西藏繁荣富强,而且是关系到我国现代化建设全局的战略问题。西藏要发展,就必须振兴科技和教育,大力培养藏族人才,全面提高民族文化素质。西藏教育是我国整个教育事业的重要组成部分,其发展速度、规模和质量,对中华民族教育事业的发展有着深远意义。50多年来,中央政府高度重视西藏教育,采取专项拨款、派遣援藏教师、内地对口支援等多种措施,使之发生了根本性变化,为西藏培养了大量人才,对藏民族整体文化素质的提高做出了巨大贡献。由于自然、历史多方面原因,西藏教育水平与内地相比还存在差距。西藏的发展,必须坚持改革开放,向其他民族和地区学习,西藏教育也应如此。要以改革精神办教育,既要体现民族特色,又要有鲜明时代特点,以适应西藏改革开放和建立社会主义市场经济体制的需要。西藏教育要坚持邓小平同志提出的“教育要面向现代化,面向世界,面向未来”的方针,培养21世纪实现社会主义现代化建设战略目标所需的高、精、尖人才。西藏美术有着5000多年悠久历史,宛如中华美术大观园的一朵奇葩,它以自己的独特风格和特殊的文化、宗教背景,不断向世人展示其神秘、崇高、圣洁的风采,在中国和世界艺术殿堂占据重要位置,成为许多艺术受众梦寐以求的圣洁之美。同时,西藏美术也一直展现着西藏人民热爱生活、向往美好未来的愿望,并体现着藏民族一贯的民族习性和心理特性。从长远意义来看,西藏美术教育对于丰富中华艺术宝库以及保护西藏民族特色将起到不可估量的作用。笔者在西藏从事为期近一年的美术支教工作期间,通过对拉萨地区中小学美术教育现状进行广泛深入的调查研究,深切体验到在西藏地区加强基础美术教育的迫切性和重要性。论文采用抽样调查,横向与纵向比较的综合研究方法,辅之以个人实地教学经验,在全面剖析拉萨地区中小学美术教育现状的基础上,对其改革和创新提出了建设性意见。全文包括对西藏基础美术教育现状的揭示、美术教育意义的鉴识、美术教育改革的思考及其前景的展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a unified multi-ethnic socialist country. Tibet is a member of the Chinese nation. The cause of accelerating Tibet’s economic and social development, and safeguarding ethnic solidarity and national unity, is concerned with Tibet’s prosperity and strength, as well as the overall situation of China’s social modernization strategy. For Tibet’s development, we must revitalize its science and technology and education, vigorously cultivate Tibetan talents, and comprehensively improve the cultural diathesis of the ethnic group. As a part of china’s education, Tibet’s education is vital, whose developmental speed, scale and quality is of far-reaching significance to the development of China’s education.Over the past 50 years, China’s central government has attached great importance to the education in Tibet. By adopting a series of measures such as special allocation, dispatching aid-Tibet teachers and coordinated assistance, a large number of Tibetan talents have been fostered, who has made positive contributions to the promotion of the overall Tibetan cultural diathesis.Due to some natural or historical factors, the level of education in Tibet still falls behind that of the mainland. To keep developing, Tibet should adhere to the policy of reform and opening-up to the outside world, and learn from the advanced ethnic group and region. So does its education. In order to adapt the policy of reform and opening-up to the outside world and the establishment of socialist market-oriented economic system, Tibet’s education, in the spirit of reform, should reflect both its own ethnical characteristics and the traits of modern society. Also, it should adhere to Deng Xiaoping’s principle of“Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future”and cultivate high-level, proficient, and sophisticated talents required by the strategic goal of realizing socialist modernization construction.With a history of over 5,000 years, the Tibetan art is a great wonder of the Chinese art. For its unique style and special cultural and religious background, it has become an important part of China and the world’s art gallery, showing people a mysterious, sacred, and holy glamour. Meanwhile, it reflects Tibetan’s ardent love for life, aspiration for the future, persistent customs, and unique mentality. In the long-term sense, the art education of Tibet will play an inestimable role in enriching the Chinese art gallery and protecting Tibetan’s ethnic feature.During the aid-education period for nearly a year in Tibet, the author carried out an in-depth inquiry on Lhasa’s status of K-12 art education and realized the urgency and importance of enhancing the foundation art education in the region. By sampling survey and comparative study in lateral and longitudinal dimension combined with personal teaching practice in the region, this article, on the basis of analyzing Lhasa’s general status of K-12 art education, put forward some constructive suggestions for its reform and innovation. The main content of the article includes the revelation of Tibet’s art education status, the understanding of art education’s significance, the pondering of art education reform, and the outlook for the future of art education.更多还原