【作者】 李栋；

【导师】 王加启； 雒秋江；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文阐述了中国奶牛场良好农业规范(ChinaGAP)的建立及应用,ChinaGAP是在借鉴国际上欧盟良好农业规范(EUREPGAP)成功管理经验的基础上建立起来的,论文详细阐述了GAP的定义,GAP与畜牧业相关的内容,奶牛场应用GAP的总体思路、操作流程、控制方案及奶牛场良好农业规范奶牛模块控制点和符合性规范的要求,并通过试验研究了奶牛场良好农业规范的实施对原料奶产量和质量影响情况。论文试验一部分是选择3家中型奶牛场和3家大型奶牛场作为试验奶牛场,按照良好农业规范奶牛模块控制点和符合性规范的要求,实施中国奶牛场良好农业规范操作,比较实施前后试验牛牛奶的产量和体细胞数的变化情况。试验结果显示,中型奶牛场试验牛产奶量前后有较大变化,增幅明显,体细胞数明显下降,差异显著(P<0.05);大型奶牛场试验牛产奶量有一定提高,体细胞数也有一定的减少,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。论文试验二部分是在通过奶牛场GAP认证的奶牛场中选四家作为试验牛场,测定通过认证前后四家奶牛场试验牛乳蛋白率和乳脂率的变化情况,试验结果显示:四家规模化奶牛场在通过奶牛场GAP认证后,乳蛋白率和乳脂率整体呈现增高的趋势,其中,西郊一场试验牛平均乳蛋白增幅较大,前后差异显著(P<0.05)。小务牛场、宏鑫奶牛场、乳泉二场试验牛平均乳蛋白有一定的增长,但前后差异不显著(P >0.05);西郊一场试验牛平均乳脂率有一定的增长,但前后差异不显著(P >0.05)。小务牛场、宏鑫奶牛场、乳泉二场试验牛平均乳脂率增幅较大,前后差异显著(P<0.05)。总体来看,四家规模化奶牛场在通过奶牛场GAP认证后,平均乳蛋白和乳脂率都有一定的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper summarizes the establishing of China Good Agricultural Practices (ChinaGAP) and the application of ChinaGAP to cattle farms in China. ChinaGAP is developed on the basis of the Euro-Retailer Produce Working Group (EurepGAP). The paper describe the definition of Good Agricultural Practices, its related to Livestock husbandry includes the general framework of the application of GAP to dairy farms, procedure, management system, Control Points and Compliance Criteria. The effect on production of milk and quality of raw milk has been tested by experiment with the application of GAPExperimentationⅠchoosed three middle cattle farm and three large cattle farm as testing cattle farm,put in practice cattle farm GAP in the light of the request of dairy module Critical Control Point. Comparing the change of output and Somatic Cell Count(SCC) of raw milk about experimental dairy cow. The result showed that experimental dairy cow’output of raw milk in middle cattle farm change a lot, SCC reduced obviously (P<0.05). experimental dairy cow’output of raw milk in large cattle farm increase a little, SCC reduced a little, but no statistical significant difference were foundExperimentationⅡchoosed four cattle farm as experimental cattle farm which had got across authentication, it study the change of milk fat and milk protein after geting across authentication. The result showed that milk fat and milk protein had a enhancive trend in total.Meanwhile XiJiao first cattle farm milk protein of experimental dairy cow increase obviously statistical significant difference(P<0.05). XiaoWu,HongXin and RuQuan second cattle farm’average milk protein of experimental dairy cow increase a little,but no statistical significant difference were found(P>0.05). XiJiao first cattle farm average milk fat of experimental dairy cow increase a little, XiaoWu,HongXin and RuQuan second cattle farm’average milk fat of experimental dairy cow increase obviously, statistical significant difference(P<0.05). The result showed that milk fat and milk protein had a enhancive trend in total after geting across authentication.更多还原