【作者】 王小琴；

【导师】 刘胜祥；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 植物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 湖北星斗山国家级自然保护区位于湖北省利川市、恩施市、咸丰县三县市境内，分为两片。东部星斗山片，位于利川市、咸丰县、恩施市三县市交界处，地理坐标为29°57′～30°10′E，108°57′～109°27′N；西部小河片，位于利川市境内，地理坐标为30°04′～30°14′E，108°31′～108°48′N。保护区地处中亚热带与北亚热带过渡带，属亚热带季风气候。 在夏季(2004年7月)和春季(2005年4月)采集藓类植物标本600余号。在标本整理及鉴定的基础上，统计出藓类植物26科68属191种(含7变种)。把所含种数多于9的科定为优势科，星斗山保护区有9个优势科，共含41属140种，分别占星斗山保护区藓类植物科的36.00％，属的59.42％，种的73.30％，构成了星斗山国家级自然保护区藓类植物区系的主体。在这些优势科中，大多数是代表温带分布的大科，如青藓科(Brachytheciaceae)，曲尾藓科(Dicranaceae)，丛藓科(Pottiaceae)，提灯藓科(Mniaceae)，羽藓科(Thuidiaceae)，凤尾藓科(Fissidentaceae)；世界广布科有灰藓科(Hypnaceae)，真藓科(Bryaceae)。由此可见，星斗山自然保护区中藓类植物的主体成分以温带成分为主，缺乏热带成分。 本文按现有资料，并参照吴征镒先生对中国种子植物属的分布区类型的划分，将星斗山自然保护区藓类植物划分为9种成分，其中东亚成分最丰富，有69种，占总数(扣除世界广布种，下同)的40.35％，温带成分(包括北温带、东亚北美和欧亚共有)有55种，占32.16％，仅次于东亚成分，热带成分(包括泛热带成分、古热带成分和热带亚洲)有39种，占总种数的22.81％。表明了星斗山自然保护区是热带、亚热带成分向北扩展和北温带成分向南渗透的过渡地带，这种情况与其所处的地理位置相符合。 两地相似性指标的比较，可以判断其区系的联系程度。通过与6个山体和地区(湖北后河、广西九万山、四川金佛山、河北小五台山、内蒙七老图山、吉林长白山)进行藓类植物区系的比较，星斗山保护区藓类植物区系与四川金佛山、湖北后河、广西九万山的关系最为密切，它们属的相似性指标都超过了50％。这可以从它们所处的地理位置和自然条件加以解释。 从种的相似性指标来看，星斗山保护区藓类区系与后河的相似程度最大更多还原

【Abstract】 Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve located in Lichuan city, Enshi city and Xianfeng county is divided into east (Xingdoushan part, 29°57’ ～30°10’ E, 108°57 ’ ～109°27’ N) and west part (Xiaohe part, 30°04’ ～30°14’ E, 108°31’～108°48 ’ ) . The reserve is located in the transitional climatic belt betweenmiddle subtropical zone and north subtropical zone, with distinct four seasons, cold winter and hot summer.In July 2004 and April 2005 separately, the author collected more than 600 packages of mosses in Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve. From these specimens, 26 families, 68 genera and 191 species (including 7 varieties) are identified. If the family that contains more than 9 species distributed in the Reserve is defined as the preponderant family, then there are 9 preponderant families including 41 genera and 140 species in the Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve. Most of the preponderant families, such as Brachytheciaceae, Dicranaceae, Pottiaceae, Mniaceae, Thuidiaceae, Fissidentaceae, are ones widely distributing in temperate regions. There are also the families distributing all over the world such as Hypnaceae and Bryaceae.A preliminary floristic analysis shows that bryoflora of the Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve is composed of 9 elements: Cosmopolitan, Pantropical element, Paleotropical element, India-Malaysia element, North Temperate element, East Asian-North American element, Euro-Asian element, East Asia element and Element endemic to China. The great majority of the moss species, 69 species corresponding to 40.35% of the total, belongs to East Asia element. Following the East element, the Temperate elements (including North Temperate element, East Asian-North American element, Euro-Asian element) consist of 55 species corresponding to 32.16% of the total. The tropical elements (including Pantropical element, Paleotropical element and India-Malaysia element) consist of 39 species sharing 22.81% of the total. The results show that the Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve is transitional climatic belt where the tropical and subtropical elements extend northwards and the North Temperate elements infiltrate southwards, which accords with its geographical location.The comparisons of the bryoflora of the Xingdoushan National Nature Reserve and更多还原