【作者】 王文峰；

【导师】 靳孟贵；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学 ， 水文学及水资源， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 大量地下水调查与监测工作积累了海量资料，这些资料数量庞大、类型众多、结构复杂。在项目开展过程中和项目完成后提交成果时，必须对海量数据进行编辑、更新、查询、调用、存储和移交等一系列维护工作。 另一方面，资料的采集并非一劳永逸，水文、气象、植被、甚至地质条件所固有的动态变化特性，要求对数据进行实时更新。显然，建立新的计算机动态响应系统实现数据的及时输入、安全管理、迅速处理和输出具有重要实用价值。为此，结合项目开展的实际工作，我们设计开发了地下水补给评价模块。 本文将数据库技术、地理信息系统二次开发技术、常规数据分析方法、OpenGL三维图形输出技术进行了整合以对水文地质专业模块提供支持，研究设计了地下水补给评价模块。同时设计开发了基于EARTH模型的地下水垂向入渗补给评价专业子模块，并计算了华北平原栾城、德州地区的垂向入渗补给量。本文主要认识和结论如下： 1、成功设计开发了华北平原地下水补给评价模块，包括数据库管理子模块、二维空间数据分析、编辑子模块、三维空间数据显示子模块、基于EARTH模型的降雨入渗补给分析等子模块。 2、在模块设计实现过程中，开发工具的选用至关重要。在不同的环境中，不同的方法有着各自的特长，充分地利用最合理的方法是系统实现的关键。本文中所有程序实现均采用Visual C++6.0平台开发，相对其它高级语言具有灵活、高效的优点。 3、在对Export／Import方式、Embedding和集成二次开发三种方式进行对比基础上，选择了基于MAPGIS类库进行二次开发。研究了Visual C++对MAPGIS进行二次开发的方法，并进行了实践。开发利用MAPGIS的相关功能，实现了矢量图编辑、图层管理、浏览功能。 4、在开发过程中综合利用数据库技术，使用Microsoft的Access数据库管理系统建库，综合分析了数据类型，设计使用以下类型表进行存储：点表、线表、区表、类型表、列举表、记录表、序列表，并确立了各表之间的逻辑关系。数据表正确逻辑关系的确定可以保证数据的完整性，例如一个气象站记录的删除会同时撤销来自于该气象站的所有数据记录，避免了数据冗余。同时建立了索引表，可以建立观测记录地理实体与图层、图元ID的对应关系，实现空间数据和属性数据的绑定，达到图层数据与属性数据互相访问的目的。 5、在专业数据处理子模块设计过程中，强调模块的可扩展特性，并且建立了基于EARTH模型的专业计算子模块，证明模块的设计开发可以满足建立其他模块的需要，但必须了解数据库结构，以得到数据库管理模块的支持。 6、完全实现了基于EARTH模型的降雨入渗补给程序的算法设计和程序编制，该程序可以自由地从各种格式，包括数据库、Excel、纯文本等快速输入数据，并进行模拟(什么)，用功能强大的TeeChart Pro v7 ActiveX Evaluation插件进行结果图形输出，使用者可以完全控制输出曲线的格式，并进行包括多种常用图形格式在内的数据保存。 7、用降水入渗补给评价模块EARTH模型计算得到：德州观测点自2003年6月1日更多还原

【Abstract】 During the work of groundwater investigation and monitoring, vast data are often accumulated that have bulky amount, different types and complex structures. Researchers must do much maintenance work, such as editing, updating, inquiring, transferring, storage and handover during dealing with the data.On the other hand, the data on hydrology, weather, vegetation and even geologic condition are always variational, which need real-time update. Obviously, it is important and useful to establish a new computer responsible dynamically system for timely input, safe management, rapid processing and output of the data. Therefore, we have designed the evaluation modules of groundwater recharge.By integrating the database technique, second development technique of GIS, general data analysis method and 3-D graphic output technique realized by OpenGL to support the professional hydrological module, we designed the evaluation module of groundwater recharge. The evaluation sub-module of groundwater vertical recharge, as a part of whole module, a lamped parameter EARTH model has been developed and applied to calculate vertical infiltration recharge to groundwater in Luancheng and Dezhouof the North China plain. It is concluded as follows:(1)The evaluation module of groundwater recharge in the North China Plain has been developed successfully, which comprises sub-modules of database management, 2-D spatial data analysis and editing, 3-D spatial data displaying and the analysis of infiltration and recharge from the precipitation based on EARTH model.(2)During the realization of module design, it is very important to choose an applicable development tool. In the different environment, different method has itself advantage. It is the key of the system realization to use the most reasonable method. In this paper, all the programs are realized based on the Visual C++6.0, which has the advantages of agility and high efficiency compared with other advanced languages.(3)After comparing the three methods of Export/Import, Embedding and second integration development, the second development based on MAPGIS class libraries has been chosen in this system. The developing method of MAPGIS with Visual C++ has been studied and carried out. The functions of vector graph edit, chart layer management, map scan have been realized with the application of MAPGIS.(4)During the design, the database management system, Microsoft Access, was used to establish the database. AH data types are analyzed synthetically and designed to be stored in these tables: dot table, line table, section table, type table, enumeration table, note table, sequence table, and then the logical relationship between each two tables has been established exactly, which can assure the integrality of the data. For example, deleting of a record of weather station can remove all the data associating with it, which can avoid data redundancy. At the same time, the index table has been established, which can build the corresponding relationship between the geography entity, and layers, the geography entity and primitive ID to realize the binding of spatial data and attribute data and then make the layer data and attribute data visiting each other更多还原