【作者】 杨桂枝；

【导师】 孙之南；

【作者基本信息】 天津科技大学 ， 化学工艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文通过单因素及正交实验,确定了用传统溶剂提取法和微波萃取两种方法从海带中提取叶绿素的最佳工艺条件。 溶剂提取法的最佳工艺条件为:溶剂采用丙酮与乙醇按90∶10的比例混合的混合溶剂、提取温度为55℃、提取时间为1.5h、物料比为6∶1、提取级数为2级,提取率达到96.32%。 微波萃取法最佳工艺条件为:溶剂采用丙酮与乙醇按90∶10的比例混合的混合溶剂、利用微波低功率加热、加热时间为20s、物料比为7∶1、提取级数为2～3级,色素的提取率可达到91.85%～97.66%。 并对叶绿素铜钠盐的稳定性进行了实验分析;得出以海带为原料制得的叶绿素铜钠盐耐热性好于耐光性;常用食品添加剂糖、食盐、柠檬酸对色素的稳定性无不良影响;金属离子Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺的存在对色素的影响不大,Fe³⁺的存在使色素溶液产生褐色沉淀,而Al³⁺对色素溶液有一定的增色作用;该色素适于碱性饮料中使用。 根据GB3262-82,对制得的叶绿素铜钠盐作了各项检测,结果表明,通过实验制得的色素9项中的8项已符合达到国标要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 After doing lots of experiments on single and multiple factors ,the paper obtained the optimum conditions of the extraction of chlorophyll from the kelp both through conventional solvent and microwave extraction.The optimum condition ns of dissolvent extraction are as follows: The best solvent is the blend of acetone and ethanol in the proportion of 90:10, the optimal extraction time and temperature are 1.5 hours and 55°C respectively, the dosage of solvent and kelp is in the proportion of 6:1.As a result of the experiment, 96.32% of all the chlorophyll can be gained in the kelp used in the experiment after two times extraction.As for microwave extraction ,the best dissolvent is the same as the solvent extraction ,others are : using with the low-power 、 heating 20 seconds 、 the dosage of dissolvent and kelp in the proportion of 7:1.The result is , 91.85%-97.66% of all the chlorophyll existing in the kelp used in the experiment was gained by 2-3 times extraction .Through the stability test of the sodium copper chlorophyll made ourselves ,the follow conclusions were made :this kind of pigment is more sensitive to light than heat;the common food additives such as sugar、 salt 、 citric acid etc, have no negative influence on the pigment;Metal ions Cu²⁺、 Zn²⁺、 Mg²⁺ affect the pigment slightly ,the existence of Fe³⁺ deposits the liquor of the sodium copper chlorophyll and makes the color browned .But the existence of Al³⁺makes the liquor even brighter .The pigment is fit for alkaline drinks .The sodium copper chlorophyll was inspected in terms of GB 3262-82,all are up to par except one item .更多还原