【作者】 徐嫣；

【导师】 海涛；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电力系统负荷的增加，对无功功率的需求也日益增加。由于无功功率在电网中传输会造成网络损耗以及受电端电压下降，因此大量的无功功率在电网中传输必然使电能利用率大大降低且严重影响供电质量。在电网中的适当位置装设无功补偿装置成为满足电网无功需求的必要手段。 本文针对电磁开关和电力电子开关投切电容器的无功补偿装置应用中存在的问题，开发、研制了一种基于复合开关投切电容器的无功补偿装置。本装置采用过零投切的复合开关模块投切电容器，其内部集成的单片机、过零检测及触发电路能根据需要确保晶闸管在电压过零时导通，稍后继电器短接；外部控制信号消失后，继电器断开，稍后晶闸管关断，避免了投切时产生的大冲击电流，从而在硬件电路上实现电容器组的无过渡过程的快速投切，且硬件设计简单可靠。 另外，本文详细分析了补偿装置及复合开关控制器的软硬件结构。控制系统采用性价比高的ATmega8单片机作为主控制系统主体。试验和现场运行情况表明：该装置能够实现无功功率的快速、准确补偿且成本较低，在低压网中具有较好的实用价值及广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to increasing loads of electric power system, demand on reactive power was also increasing. Because transmission of reactive power in electric network can lead to network loss and step-down voltage, transmission of a great deal of reactive power necessarily resulted in reduction of using efficiency of power energy and severely effected voltage quality. It became necessary means that reactive power compensation devices were installed in proper position of electric network.Aiming at the disadvantages in the application of reactive power compensation device with electromagnetic or power electronic switches for pulling in or out the capacitor, a reactive power compensation device based on the complex switch, which can realize grading and fast compensation for each phase using both collective compensation and separate compensation, is developed to switch capacitor. Interior single-chip and zero-cross detection & triggering circuit of it insure that thyristor is triggered in the zero-voltage condition, then relay is shorted, relay is switched off when outer control signal is disappeared, and after a while so does thyristor in the zero-current, thus greatly reduced surge current. This sort of switch circuit achieved switching of capacitors without transition course and was simple and reliable.The thesis also analyzed the hardware and software of controller about complex switch and compensation device in detail. ATmega8 was a sort of cheap Single Chip computer and was applied to control system. The test shows that this device can fleetly and truly compensate reactive power and be used in low network.更多还原