【作者】 周维永；

【导师】 李容柏； 韦鹏霄；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 以直立穗型品系G83和弯曲穗型温敏核雄性不育系培矮64S为材料，进行杂交、测交，获得F₁、TC₁和F₂群体，研究穗型的遗传规律，分析穗型与茎叶形态性状和穗部性状的关系。结果表明：水稻直立穗型遗传受一对核主效基因控制，直立穗型相对弯曲穗型为显性；直立穗型植株较矮，茎秆粗、穗颈短粗、剑叶短而宽，穗、穗颈节间较短，而弯曲穗型则相反；不同穗型植株有效穗数差异不显著，直立穗型植株在2次枝梗数、每穗粒数、着粒密度极显著高于弯曲穗型植株，而在千粒重、结实率方面直立穗型植株却极显著低于弯曲穗型植株；不同穗型植株2次枝梗数、2次枝梗籽粒数、2次枝梗空秕率在穗轴上的分布趋势很相近，但直立穗型2次枝梗空秕率极显著高于弯曲穗型，而1次枝梗籽粒数、1次枝梗空秕率在不同穗型间变化趋势不同；不同穗型植株的产量构成因素对产量的相关和通径分析表明，不同穗型植株产量构成因素对单株产量的影响作用不同，但有效穗数对单株产量的直接通径系数和相关系数均为最大。本试验研究结果为水稻直立穗型性状在籼稻中的利用提供理论基础和依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The erect panicle type rice G83 was crossed、 testcrossed with the curved panicle type TGMS lines Pei’ ai64S, and different panicle type plants of TC₁、 F₂ populations were obtained. The genetics of erect panicle type, and the relationships between panicle types and stem-leaf morphological traits and panicle characters were analyzed. The results showed that the erect panicle was controlled by a major nucleus gene with erect panicle dominant over curved panicle; The erect panicle plants were dwarfed in plant height with tubby stem, shorter panicle, neck panicle internode, and also performed short and tubby in neck panicle, and wide and short in flag leaves , while the curved panicle was conversed; The number of effective panicles of different panicle types was not significant difference, but spikelets and the grain density per panicle of the erect panicle type were significantly higher than that of curved panicle type , while the 1000 - gain weight and seed setting rate of the erect panicle type were significantly lower than that of curved panicle type; And更多还原