【作者】 肖湘黔；

【导师】 曾东强；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以广西丰富的肉桂油、桉油和松节油等植物精油为原料，以截形叶螨和柑桔全爪螨为试螨，测定了各种精油对害螨的生物活性，筛选出对害螨具有较高活性的复合精油，测定复合精油对杀螨剂的增效作用，采用复配技术，研制出以精油为主的、对害螨具有增效作用的杀螨剂。 7种植物精油对害螨的毒力测定结果表明：这些精油对害螨均具有一定的杀成螨、杀卵和忌避作用，但对害螨卵的发育进度无影响。蓖麻油和肉桂油对截形叶螨成螨的毒杀作用较强，LC₅₀分别为3.57ml·L^-1、4.90ml·L^-1；肉桂油对柑桔全爪螨成螨的毒力较大，其LC₅₀为3.96ml·L^-1；肉桂油对害螨的杀卵作用相对较好，25倍液对截形叶螨和柑桔全爪螨的杀卵率分别为92.31％、94.10％；芝麻油和樟油对截形叶螨具有较强的忌避作用，1000倍液的忌避率分别达81.30％、77.33％；芝麻油对柑桔全爪螨的忌避作用最强，1000倍液的忌避率为52.09％。 不同植物精油间的混配对害螨具有增效作用。对5个复合精油配方的生测结果表明，复合精油配方4的增效作用最大，对截形叶螨成螨的LC₅₀为1.86ml·L^-1，毒杀作用高于单种精油；复合精油配方4的25倍液对截形叶螨卵和柑桔全爪螨卵的杀卵率分别为66.67％、67.23％；1000倍液对2种螨的忌避率分别为93.68％、65.66％，对害螨的忌避作用也高于单种精油。 复合精油对多种杀螨剂具有增效作用。测定复合精油对7种杀螨剂的增效作用，结果表明：复合精油对阿维菌素、甲氰菊酯、苦参碱、炔螨特和杀螨剂A具有增效作用，对三氯杀螨醇和三唑锡无增效作用；复合精油与杀螨剂A以7:3（v／v）混配时，共毒系数最大，达到218.52。 根据以上试验结果，选择以复合精油:杀螨剂A按7:3（v／v）相混配，更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the bioactivities, the mode of action and synergistic mixture of 7 kinds of essential oils, including Cinnamon oil, Eucalyptus oil, Porrectum oil, Turpentine oil, Staranise oil, Sesame oil and Castor oil against pest mites, had been investigated, and based on the enhancement action of the mixture of essential oils on acaridicide, a new formulation with essential oils and acaridicide was developed. The main results were outlined as follows:1. The mode actions of the essential oils against Tetranychus truncates Ehara and Panonychus citri （McGregor）were mainly contact action, ovicide and repellence. The results of bioassay showed that Castor oil and Cinnamon oil got more contact toxicity against T. truncates than other oils tested, LC₅₀ were 3.57 ml·L^-1、4.90 ml·L^-1, respectively. Cinnamon oil had the most contact toxicity against P. citri in the oils, whose LC50 was 3.96ml·L^-1 Cinnamon oil also got the most ovicidal activity against T. truncates and P. citri, the ovicidal rates were 92.31% and 94.10%, respectively, at the dilution of 25-fold. Sesame oil and Porrectum oil showed more repellent activity against T. truncates than the others, the values of repellent rates were 81.30% and 77.33%, respectively, at the dilution of 1000-fold, and Sesame oil got the most effective in repellent activity against P. citri ,the repellent rate was 52.09% at the dilution of 1000-fold.2. Toxicities of five prescriptions mixed with several essential oils against the two mites were measured. The results suggested that the mixtures of the essential oils showed good synergism action to the mites and the 4^th prescription be the best one. The toxicities of the 4th prescription against T. truncates were more effective than that of single essential oil, the value of LC₅₀ was 1.86ml·L^-1. At the dilution of 25-fold, the ovicidal rates of the 4^th prescription on T.更多还原