【作者】 韦华生；

【导师】 穆军；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 海洋微生物资源丰富，是抗生素的重要来源。海洋微生物拥有独特的代谢途径，可以产生大量结构新颖、作用独特的代谢产物，被誉为“天然药物的资源宝库”，已成为世界各国开发新型药物的热点领域。 海洋硫酸盐还原细菌属于海洋微生物中一类特殊类群。该类群微生物严格厌氧，能够进行非O₂受体的产能代谢。其参与新陈代谢的酶系与海洋好氧微生物有较多的不同，产生的次生代谢产物理论上也会有较大差异，因此具有新抗生素筛选的巨大潜力。 本研究中从大连附近近海海域采集到16份海水样品和9份海泥样品，分离培养出海洋硫酸盐还原细菌125株，进一步纯化得到70株纯菌株；对70株纯菌株进行了抗细菌和抗真菌活性测试，得到10株具有明显活性的硫酸盐还原细菌菌株，占纯菌株的14％。结果显示，海洋硫酸盐还原细菌具有新药开发的巨大潜力。 从黑石礁海域海水中分离到的菌株SRB18对枯草芽孢杆菌具有强烈的抑制作用。通过对菌株SRB18的形态、生理生化、遗传等特征的研究，得出菌株SRB18归属于脱硫弧菌属，且与Desulfovibrio desulfuricans的亲缘关系最近，16SrDNA的同源性高达99.9％。综合各种鉴定指标，将SRB18鉴定为脱硫脱硫弧菌（Desulfovibrio desulfuricans）的一个海洋菌株。 进一步对SRB18活性菌株进行了扩大培养，将30L菌液进行减压浓缩，应用有机溶剂对浓缩液进行液相萃取，得到乙酸乙酯相和正丁醇相粗提物。对粗提物进行薄层层析和液相色谱分离，得到相对较纯的活性化合物。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because marine micoorganisms are rich in resource, they are important sources of antibiotics. Their massive metabolites with unique structures and excellent bioactivities have become the resource treasury of natural drugs, thereby they have turned to be the hotspot of new drug research in the world.Marine sulfate-reducing bacteria（SRB） comprise a special group of marine microoganisms. They are strict anaerobic bacteria and can produce energy by a metabolic pathway without O₂ as an electronic acceptor. Compared with the aerobic bacteria, their secondary metabolites should have many differences because of their different enzyme systems. Thus they show great potential in new antibiotics finding.16 sea water samples and 9 sea sediments were collected from near-shore of Dalian. From them 125 SRB strains were isolated and 70 pure SRB strains were tested for the antibacterial and antifungal bioactivities. It showed that 10 SRB strains had prominent antibiotic bioactivities and accounted for 14% active rate. It is obviously that marine SRB have the potential of medicine exploitation.Isolated from sea water of Hei Shi-jiao sea area, SRB 18 exhibited strong inhibitive activity against Bacillus subtilis. By studying the morphology, cultural characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties and phylogenetic tree, SRB18 was identified to be Desulfovibrio desulfuricans.Through culturing, 30L fluid of SRB18 was obtained. The cultured fluid was concentrated to 1000ml by reduced pressure distillation. The active metabolites were isolated and purified primarily using methods of solvent extraction, TLC and HPLC, the result showed the purification product had prominent bioactivity inhibiting Bacillus subtilis.更多还原