【作者】 谢新萍；

【导师】 邬润德；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 聚丙烯的低温脆性限制了它更广泛的应用，对其进行改性是当前研究的焦点。本论文将无机、有机刚性粒子进行包覆处理，期望提高粒子与基体之间的界面相容性，达到更好的增韧、增强PP的目的。 本文采用乳液聚合的方法制备了用于PP增韧、增强的交联聚苯乙烯粒子（CPMB），探讨了单体浓度、引发剂、乳化剂和交联剂用量对CPMB粒径和交联度的影响：采用无硫硫化工艺制备了用于微粒包覆的预硫化天然胶（NR），探讨了过氧化物、交联助剂种类和用量及硫化工艺对NRn性能的影响。 在此基础上，用力学性能测试评价了NR包覆纳米CaCO₃（N-CaCO₃）和NR包覆CPMB（N-CPMB）对PP的改性效果，结果表明：包覆NR可提高纳米CaCO₃在PP中的分散性，使复合PP的悬臂梁冲击强度比PP提高75％；与N-CaCO₃相比，N-CPMB与PP的相容性更好，改性效果更显著，在N-CPMB用量仅为3wt％时就可使复合PP的简支梁与悬臂梁冲击强度分别提高68％和88％。扫描电镜观察发现：复合PP冲击断面的基材上有塑性形变的破坏痕迹，N-CPMB以次级团聚粒子为增强单元均匀分布在基材中，说明其是通过表面的橡胶与PP优良的相容起到增强、增韧作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 To improve the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) for different applications, it is common practice to modify PP by adding rigid particle, However, a homogenous dispersion of rigid particle in a polymer is very difficult. To improve the compatibility between the rigid particle and PP matrix, inorganic and organic rigid particles were encapsulated by natural rubber, then were filled to the PP matrix.The cross-linking polystyrene micronsized beads (CPMB ) were prepared by emulsion polymerization at first, that would be used for reinforcing and toughening PP, it was found that the main influencing factors on the size and cross-linking degree of CPMB particles were the amounts of initiator, compound emulsifier and cross-linking agent.The vulcanized natural rubber with better performance was prepared,更多还原