【作者】 宋艳绒；

【导师】 钟卫鸿；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 生物化工， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 氮素是导致水体和大气污染的一类重要污染物，可引起多种危害。生物脱氮是目前脱氮污染处理中最常用、最经济有效和最有发展前途的方法。本文主要进行了脱氮相关细菌的分离培养、性能和荧光标记研究，为进一步进行脱氮菌群的构效研究打下了基础。 首先，从废水处理厂获取污泥样品，进行硝化细菌的富集，采用硝化细菌分离培养基分离筛选。通过极限稀释法及平板划线分离法获得了10株具硝化能力的细菌，通过比较选出8#为最佳菌株，通过对该优势硝化细菌进行菌体形态观察和生理生化特性的考察，初步鉴定其为硝化杆菌属的维氏硝化杆菌（Nitrobacter winogradskyi）。通过单因素实验考察了培养基组分（包括氮源、碳源、微量元素）以及培养条件（包括溶氧、pH、温度）对维氏硝化杆菌的生长和硝化能力的影响，确定了Nitrobacter winogradskyi的最佳脱氮条件。在原始硝化分离培养基基础上添加0.1％醋酸钠，40mg／L Cu²⁺作为最佳培养基配方，该菌的最佳培养条件为：pH.0-8.5，温度28-30℃，250ml摇瓶装液量为50ml，摇床转速为180r／min。通过上述培养条件和培养基的优化，该菌的硝化能力从70％左右提高到95％左右。 为了研究同步硝化反硝化脱氮工艺需要，同时从该污泥样品细菌中分离获得了好氧和厌氧两类反硝化细菌。对厌氧反硝化菌做了初步更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitrogen is one of major pollutants of water and air pollution, which can cause many kinds of harms. Biological denitrogenation is a method used most widely in Nitrogen pollutants treatment. It’s the most effective and promising method.In this paper, through the accumulation of nitrobacteria from activated sludge of Sibao wastewater factory, Ten strains with higher activity of nitrifying ability were isolated with the special isolated culture. The nitrifying rates ranged 30%-70%. The nitrifying rate of strain 8# was the best about 65.8%, which was identified as Nitrobacter winogradskyi according to its morphological, physiological and biochemical characters. This paper gave a detail study on the optimal growth conditions of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and fermentation medium for nitrifying bacteria. With the orthogonal experiment, the optimal culture conditions for the growth of nitrifying bacteria were determined: temperature of 28-30℃, pH 8.0, rotation speed of the shaker of 180r/min and the flask of 1/5 medium volume. The best fermentation medium was obtained, including更多还原