基于RFID的室内人员跟踪及药品防伪与管理的研究

【作者】 李兴鹤；

【导师】 胡咏梅；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 RFID是九十年代兴起的，目前在理论和应用研究方面都十分引人注目的一种自动识别技术。全球的各大企业纷纷涉足这一行业，并利用其数据量大，保密性高，抗干扰能力强，识别时间短，费用较低等优点，尝试着运用于其他各个的行业，以提高作业效率，降低作业成本。 在我国，因为年龄结构的老龄化，将会给护理工作带来极大的困难，同时，自我国加入WTO以来，药品的进口关税逐渐下降，以及各种假冒药品层出不穷，使得医药企业面临非常大的挑战。本文以此为背景，利用RFID技术研究室内人员定位与跟踪及药品防伪与管理问题。 本文首先介绍了几种常见的自动识别技术，对它们进行了较全面的分析与比较。分析了RFID系统的组成、分类、特点，应用领域以及物联网技术，探讨了射频识别技术的工作原理，重点剖析了反碰撞机制，提出并实现了一种基于动态二进制的二叉树搜索结构RFID反碰撞算法，而且通过仿真证明该算法随着标签数目与标签EPC位数的增多，优势更明显。然后针对室内人员定位与跟踪做了深入研究，建立了基于LANDMARC系统的数学模型，并分别通过引入Z方向矢量和距离噪声系数α，作为干扰因子，较真实地模拟了环境变化所产生影响，通过大量实验与仿真，确定了有效的模型参数，提高了定位精度，在此基础上设计开发了室内人员定位及跟踪仿真软件，然后提出了用于医院或福利院的室内人员跟踪管理系统的总体设计方案。最后就医药防伪的方法做了较全面的调查与分析，并利用RFID唯一标识特性，选取TEA加密算法，进行药品的防伪，在此基础上，借助基于RFID的物联网技术，提出一个用于药品管理的模型，并且详细分析此模型的功能。 由于国内医药行业信息化水平相对落后，而且RFID技术在此行业的应用几乎是空白，所以整个课题都是进行着尝试性的工作，在进行大量实验与仿真的基础上仅仅提出系统的总体规划设计或者模型，需要研究的工作还有很多，也十分有价值，希望RFID技术能在不久的将来对我国医药行业起着更加广泛的推动作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 RFID is a kind of auto-identify technique raised in the 1990’s. And nowadays, it has been a hot topic to research and study the theory and application in this domain and also many enterprises have set foot in this industry. There are many reasons due to its advantages, such as large volume of data, confidentiality of high anti-jamming capability to identify short, lower cost. It is worthwhile trying to apply this technology to other industries, and helping them to improve operational efficiency and reduce operating costs.As everybody knows, China has a big problem of graying of population, which will be resulted in the difficulties of nursing and serving the old. Mean while, after the entry to WTO, with the descending the tariff of pharmacon imported, and the problem of false pharmacon, many pharmaceutical manufacturers are challenged and threatened.The paper takes the pharmaceutical industry as the background, trying to introduce RFID to the field, to help the development of China’s pharmaceutical industry better.In the first place of this paper, a few of common automatic identification technologies are introduced, and following them comprehensive analysis and comparison are described respectively. Secondly, the composition, classification, characteristics, applications and Internet of things of the RFID system are specificly analyzed. Then the primary principles of RFID is studied, especially the analysis of anti-collision mechanism, a dynamic binary system based on the structure of RFID anti-collision search algorithm is proposed and achieved, and the results of simulation also illustrate that the new algorithm has better performance in comparison with the existing dynamic binary algorithm, and with the increase of the tags and the length of EPC, the advantages are more obvious. And then face to the hospital staff indoor positioning and tracking done in-depth studies, establish a system based on LANDMARC mathematical models and introduce Z direction vector as interference factors for simulating更多还原