光伏并网逆变器设计

【作者】 徐萍；

【导师】 魏殿杰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会生产的日益发展，对能源的需求量在不断增长，全球范围内的能源危机也日益突出。地球中的化石能源是有限的，总有一天会被消耗尽。随着化石能源的减少，其价格也会提高，这将会严重制约生产的发展和人民生活水平的提高。可再生能源是满足世界能源需求的一种重要资源，特别是对于我们这个人口大国来讲更加重要。其中太阳能资源在我国非常丰富，其应用具有很好的前景。 光伏并网发电系统是通过太阳能电池板将太阳能转化为电能，并通过并网逆变器将直流电变为与市电同频同相的交流电，并回馈电网。在阳光充足时，太阳能发出的电可供使用，而不使用市网电；在阳光不充足或光伏发电量达不到使用量时，由控制部分自动调节，通过市网电给予补充。此系统主要用于输电线路调峰电站以及屋顶光伏系统。 光伏并网发电系统的核心技术是并网逆变器，在本文中对于单相并网逆变器硬件进行了建摸及设计。给出了硬件主回路并对各部分的功能进行了分析，同时选用TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320LF2407作为控制CPU，阐述了芯片特点及选择的原因。并对并网逆变器的控制及软件实现进行了研究。文中对于光伏电池的最大功率跟踪(MPPT)技术作了阐述并提出了针对本设计的实现方法。最后对安全并网的相关问题进行了分析探讨。文章的主要内容如下： 1．目前国内外光伏发电的现状和发展前景，并对光伏并网发电系统的功能、分类和特点作了简单介绍，对光伏并网发电系统建立了一个总体认识。 2．研究了光伏电池的基本发电原理和输出特性。重点研究了光伏电池的输出特性和其影响因素，并得出相应的结论。 3．并网逆变器主要包括DC／DC及DC／AC两部分，文中分析了各部分设计重点，明确了选用TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320LF2407作为控制CPU的原因及优点，同时给出了控制及软件实现方法。 4．光伏电池发电输出是非线性的，存在输出最大功率(MPPT)跟踪问题。本文阐述了常用的最大功率点跟踪方法，并结合本设计提出了改进方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of social production, the demand of energy is increasing, and the energy crisis is becoming more and more prominent in the global scope. The fossil energy is limited, and it will be exhausted someday in the near future. The price of the fossil energy will be higher and higher with its reduction, and this will seriously restrict the development of production and the enhancement of people’s living standard. Renewable energy is an important resource to meet the energy demand of the world, especially for China which has so many people. Solar energy resources are extremely rich in our country, and its application has very good prospect.Light volt incorporation net generating system can transform the solar energy into electricity energy through the solar cell board, and can change the Direct Current (DC) into Alternating Current (AC) which has the same frequency and phase with the city electricity through the incorporation inverse transformation, and can feed back to the electrical net. When the sunlight is sufficient, the electricity supplied by the solar energy can be used instead of the city net electricity; when the sunlight is not sufficient or the light volt electricity amount can not meet the demand, the control section can automatically adjust it, and the city net electricity can supplement. This system is mainly used for transmission line adjusting peak power plant and the rooftop light volt system.The core technology of the light volt incorporation system is incorporation inverse transformation. In this article the single-phase incorporation inversion hardware is constructed and designed. It provides the main circuit of the hardware and analyzes the functions of each part and chooses the DSP chip TMS320LF2407 of TI Company as the control CPU, and elaborates the characteristic of the chip and the reason of choosing it. It also makes a research in the control of incorporation inverse transformation software achievement.This article elaborates the maximum power rate track (MPPT) technology of light volt cell and provides the method of carrying out更多还原