论后殖民时代的文化旅行者维·苏·奈保尔

【作者】 苏鑫；

【导师】 胡志明；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 2001年度诺贝尔文学奖得主维·苏·奈保尔是一个典型的后殖民时代“文化旅行者”。“文化旅行”这一概念不仅形象地概括了奈保尔生存状态的基本特征，而且“文化旅行”的生存方式潜在地决定着奈保尔的变动不居的思维方式，使得他的整个文学创作呈现出了典型的后殖民文化的独特景观。所以说“文化旅行”也可以成为我们用以洞悉奈保尔思想实质和文学世界的一把钥匙，即以“文化旅行”为聚集点，来对奈保尔的文化人格和文学创作进行整合性的理解和把握，从而达到对作为个人以及后殖民作家的奈保尔价值、作用和现实意义的深刻认识。 本论文综合运用社会学、文化人类学和后殖民文化理论等相关知识，采用作家传记批评、比较文学、实证分析和文本细读等方法，以“文化旅行”这一基本概念作为整个研究的逻辑起点，具体地论证奈保尔的生活经历、思想特征和文学创作这三个方面的内在联系，从而揭示出奈保尔之所以能够作为当代后殖民文化和后殖民文学的代表作家的根本原因。第一章论述由于特殊的生存遭遇，奈保尔命中注定就是一个“文化旅行者”。奈保尔出生在文化杂糅的“旅行”途中，经历了英伦三岛的文化漂泊，遭遇了印度“故乡”的文化失落，最终被“抛”入到一种无根的生存状态，成为“无根的世界公民”；第二章分析在无家可归的“文化旅行”中，奈保尔形成了一种独特的文化人格和思维方式。流浪者变动不居的思维方式、旅行者的认知方式、二律背反的情感认同方式、自我反讽的表达方式以及在此基础上呈现出的具有普遍代表性意义的后殖民文化心理模式，奈保尔成为后殖民时代的生存者和阐释者；第三章突出奈保尔对于自身的“文化旅行”经历的文学思考和审美描述，客观上已经成为形象地阐释后殖民文化之本质特征的经典文本。本论文的重点在于从“文化旅行”的角度，合乎逻辑地概括奈保尔的生存状况的基本特征，及其与奈保尔独特的思维方式的内在联系，以充分地揭示奈保尔文学创作的独特价值。 本论文的创新之处，首先在于能够以一个比较具体的“文化旅行”的概念，来取代以往对奈保尔批评中的诸如“无根”、“世界公民”之类的相对比较空更多还原

【Abstract】 V.S.Naipaul, who won the Nobel Literature Prize in 2001,is a typical culture traveler of the post-colonial times. "Culture traveling" serves as not only the basic characteristic of Naipaul’s being, but also potentially shapes his mutative thought, and makes his literature writings rather special in post-colonial culture. Therefore, "culture traveling" is a key to a thorough understanding of the essence of Naipaul’s thought and literature world. That is to say, by focusing on the "cultural traveling", can Naipaul’s cultural personality and literary creation be fully comprehended, and in this way one can have a profound knowledge of Naipaul’s importance, influence and realistic significance, both as an individual and as a post-colonial writer.Based on the knowledge of sociology, cultural anthropology and post-colonial culture theory, by the method of biographical criticism, comparative literature, demonstrations as well as text analysis, this thesis takes "cultural traveling" as the basic point, and demonstrates the inter- relation of Naipaul’s experience, thoughts and writings, thus revealing why Naipaul is the representative of the post-colonial literature. Chapterl addresses on Naipaul’s having been fated to be a "cultural traveler " because of his peculiar experience. Naipaul was born in a culture-mingled environment in a colonized island Trinidad and Tobago. Having experienced the cultural drift in the England, and the cultural lost in India; he could find no way but to lost in the "traveling"state, thus becoming a "rootless world citizen". Chaper2 analyses in detail Naipaul’s peculiar cultural personality formed by his homeless "cultural traveling". Naipaul has developed the thinking pattern of a vagrant, the cognitive method of a traveler, the emotional agreement of the antinomy, and the expression of self-irony as well as the post-colonized cultural and psychological mode, which has the most general meaning. Naipaul is the existent and elucidator of the post-colonial times. Charpter3 probes into Naipaul’s writings that are Naipaul’s literary thought and aesthetic expression, these writings become classical texts that更多还原