【作者】 潘高林；

【导师】 陈乃新；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 法律， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 工农业剪刀差其实上就是工农产品之间的不等价交换,工业产品的价格长期高于其价值,农业产品的价格长期低于其价值。工农业剪刀差如果长期的存在和扩大,不仅会影响农民生产的积极性和农业生产的发展,还会危及国民经济整体的盛衰和城乡、工农关系,波及到社会的稳定。农业是国民经济的基础产业,同时又是弱质产业。我国政府长期以来采取向工业倾斜的政策,通过剪刀差的方式从农业中抽取大量剩余用以发展工业,不仅如此,还对农业投入严重不足,并且随意性很大,从而忽视了农民的发展权。农民作为弱势群体,只有形式上的正义是不能解决农民发展权问题的,必须从实质正义的角度来加以调整。此外,我国加入世贸组织后,在面对国外发达农业的激烈竞争时,更需要政府制定相关的法律制度来保证加大对农业的投入,保护农民的权益。同时,我国农民作为一种弱势群体,在当前的市场经济条件下,由于各种原因,作为最大的社会群体却没有代表自己利益的组织来维护自身的利益,在工农业产品交换中,农产品处于不利地位,因此农民未能享有与其他市场主体平等的发展权。这几年我国开始出现一些农民合作组织,但是由于我国在这方面法制的欠缺,造成农民合作组织在实际的运行过程中还存在不少的障碍,农民合作社的作用还没有得到很好的发挥,故还需制定新的法律来保护。另外,农民作为共和国的建设者,为国家的繁荣做出了巨大的贡献,但农民却没有得到公正的对待。工业从农业中过多地抽取资金,但把大量的劳动力滞留在农业部门;再加上农业劳动力的绝对剩余与土地的相对短缺,加剧了农民参与市场竞争的不公平性。究其原因主要是我国现行的户籍制度阻碍了农民享有与城市居民平等的发展权利,现应当从我国实际情况出发,彻底改革现行的户籍制度,实行迁徙自由从而从制度上保证农民平等的发展权。更多还原

【Abstract】 The scissors gap between industry and agriculture of prices is the exchange of unequal values between the industry and agriculture product actually .And the price of industry product is more than its value over a long period of time, on the contrary, the price of agriculture product is lower than its value .If the scissors gap long-term existence and enlargement not only can influence the development of the zeal of peasant’s production and agriculture production ,but also can endanger the prosperity to decline of the whole national economy, the urban-rural’ relation , workers-peasants’ relation , and involve the stable of society .The agriculture is the foundation industry of national economy , and is again at the same time the weak nature industry .Our government adopts the policy tilting to the industry for a long time . And the method by way of the scissors gap of prices is drawn a large number of surpluses in order to develop industry from the agriculture. Not only so ,it still is serious shortcoming to agriculture input. And agriculture investment is done at random .which has ignored the development right of the peasant .As a weak group, the formal justice can not solved peasants’ development right problem ,Government must come to adjust from the angle of substance justice .In addition , after joining the WTO, the law system of correlation to pledge to enlarge the input to the agriculture should be laid down by the government to protect the rights and interests of the peasant when facing the intense competition of flourish agriculture of the developed countries.At the same time, owing to the various causes ,there is not an organization to represent peasants’ interest as the biggest society group .The agricultural products are in unfavorably the position when the industry products and agricultural exchange under the market economy condition at present Therefore, the peasant fail to enjoy equal development right as market other subject .Some peasants started to cooperate the organization several years ago, but for the shortcoming legal system of our country, many obstacles exist in the operating course of the reality in the agriculture cooperative economy organization .And the effect of the peasant cooperative does not work well, Hence there is a need to lays down new law to protect its operating.Moreover , as the erectors of republic ,the peasant contribute much to boom for the nation .but peasant does not gain treating of justice .Too much fund is drawn from the agriculture by the industry, at the same time a large number of labors are detained in更多还原