【作者】 黄小琴；

【导师】 郑林用； 张小平；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 微生物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究将灵芝栽培特性与灵芝多糖、三萜类化合物含量相结合，筛选灵芝优良菌株，并结合多糖免疫活性，确定其最佳生产方式，以促进灵芝产业发展；并对血芝深层发酵参数进行优化研究，为液体发酵生产血芝菌丝体及代谢产物等提供理论依据。 经短段木塑料大棚栽培供试灵芝菌株，以孢子形态和大小作为分类依据，将供试菌株初步分为4个不同的类群，即类群Ⅰ(紫芝、黑芝、黄金芝、紫灵芝)；类群Ⅱ(血芝)；类群Ⅲ(美国大灵芝、京大)：类群Ⅳ(其它菌株)。根据各个灵芝菌株的菌丝生长情况、子实体形态、产孢量、生长周期等指标，从不同类群中筛选出综合农艺性状较优的灵芝菌株有：黄金芝、黑芝、血芝、美国大灵芝、京大、赤芝6号、京大灵芝、松杉灵芝、德昌灵芝1~#、无孢灵芝、赤芝。以灵芝多糖和三萜类化合物含量作为评价指标，在综合性状较优菌株的基础上，筛选到优良灵芝菌株：血芝、黄金芝、美国大灵芝、京大、德昌灵芝1~#、松杉灵芝、赤芝。 以多糖含量丰富的菌株作为免疫活性实验供试菌株，研究其子实体和菌丝体多糖对昆明种小白鼠免疫功能的影响。综合比较的结果显示：血芝菌丝体多糖和黄金芝子实体多糖对恢复体液免疫有极显著效果；除美国大灵芝菌丝体多糖能恢复小白鼠肝脾免疫功能外，各种灵芝多糖都不能恢复小白鼠细胞和脏器免疫功能；灵芝多糖含量与其药理活性间没有必然联系；灵芝子实体与菌丝体多糖间的免疫活性没有明显差异。 综合多糖和三萜类成分含量与多糖免疫活性分析，结果证实，除为获得血芝、赤芝、黄金芝多糖成分外，其余灵芝菌株深层发酵生产优于栽培生产。 血芝深层发酵参数优化实验结果表明：血芝液体发酵的最适碳源为玉米粉，最适氮源为黄豆饼粉，最适初始pH值为5，培养最适温度为26℃。发酵40h pH值稳定，96h生物量达到稳定，胞内多糖含量与产量分别在60h、72h达到最大，分别为2.68％、8.960mg／100ml：三萜类化合物含量和产量均在96h达到最大，分别为2.51％、11.4mg／100ml。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this research, the cultural property , content of Ganoderma polysaccharides and triterpene, and the immunological activity of polysaccharides were combined to screen fine Ganoderma strains and comfirmed them best production mode in order to promote development of Ganodermaindustry.And studied on submerged fermentation condition of Xuezhi, the result would provid a theoretical reference of manufacture Xuezhi mycelium and metabolin by fermentation.All Ganoderma. sp were cultivated with basswood in plastic shed and classified four groups according to morph and size of spores,GroupI included Zi zhi,Heizhi,Huangjinzhi and Zilingzhi,GroupII inculded Xuezhi,GroupIII covered Meiguo dalingzhi and Jinda, and GroupIV covered all other strains. First all, we obtained the strains with excellent cultural property from different groups, covered Huangjinzhi, Heizhi,Xuezhi, Meiguodalingzhi, Jingda,Chizhi 6 hao, Jingdalingzhi, Songshalingzhi, Dechanglingzhil~#, Wubaolingzhi and Chizhi, on the basis of hypha growth state , fruiting body shape, spore producing rate, and growth cycle etc. Then , we had screened fine Ganoderma strains with rich Ganoderma polysaccharides or triterpene,The Xuezhi, Huangjinzhi, Meiguodalingzhi, , Dechanglingzhil~# Chizhi, Jingda and Songshalingzhi were included.We studied the influence of fruit body and mycelium polysaccharides of these strains with rich polysaccharides on immunological function in mice. By Aggregate analysising, The result had indicated that polysaccharides of Xuezhi mycelium and Huangjinzhi fruit body had significance effection on recovery humoral immunity of mice;all polysaccharides couldn’t recovery cellular immunity and structural immunity except Meiguodalingzhi mycelium’s for liver-spleen index;There wasn’t necessary linkage between the contents of polysaccharides and pharmaco-activity; and there wasn’t evident difference of immunological activity between fruit body and mycelium polysaccharides.The results of polysaccharides and triterpene contents and immunological更多还原