【作者】 刘开强；

【导师】 郭旭红；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 水是地球表面最主要的天然组成物质，水是生命的源泉，是人类生活、生产的最重要的自然资源，也是自然生态系统繁荣昌盛的最重要的依赖因素。人类习惯于把水看作是取之不尽、用之不竭的最廉价的自然资源，但随着人口的膨胀和经济的快速发展，水资源短缺的现象正在很多地区相继出现，水污染及其所带来的危害更加剧了水资源的紧张，并严重破坏了自然界的生态平衡，对人类自身的生存和进一步发展也构成了严重威胁，因此，切实防治水污染、保护水资源已成为当今人类的迫切任务。 人类解决水问题的有效途径，就是节约用水、清洁生产和废水的综合治理，其中废水的治理水平和利用程度将成为21世纪社会发展和社会文明的重要指标。 传统的高浓度工业废水处理，通常采用化学法、生物法以及其相结合的方法进行处理。虽然，化学法处理过程简单，但是，其处理费用往往较高，有时很难找到能使高浓度、难降解工业废水分解和降解的化学药剂。生物法虽然处理费用相对较低，但是，它的高浓度、难降解工业废水有时很难直接处理。 近年来，一些国内外科研机构与研究者，研究探索了许多污水处理的新方法。如湿式高温氧化法，即通过高温、高压对高浓度、难降解的工业废水进行湿式裂解。其裂解效果虽然好，但是因为牵涉到高温、高压反应，可靠性使用户担忧，因此，该技术效果虽然较好，但确一直未能很好的推广应用。反渗透法是近年来发展较快的一种新方法，其处理后的水质较好，但是，对高浓度、难降解工业废水存在着反渗透易污染的问题，且设备投资较大；对一般的生活污水采用反渗透法处理又十分不经济。 SBR法虽然有很多优点，但是，如果采用低负荷的SBR反应器，则污水进入停留时间较长；如果周期变换频率，则沉淀和滗水的时间在整个周期中的比例就会增加，可能大大超过传统的曝气池-二沉池系统的停留的时间，使整个系统不经济。 本论文针对上述问题将在“基于纳米技术高浓度、难降解工业废水溶气变频超声聚爆裂解新工艺”的基础上，结合近年迅速发展的SBR并对其进行改进，以形成“纳米溶气超声聚焦裂解+MSBR组合工艺法”，处理高浓度、难降解工业废水新技术，并进行了实验研究，以将其应用到实际生产中。本论文做的主要工作如下： 1．为进一步搞清楚超声聚焦裂解作用机理的研究，继续深入讨论超声聚焦裂解作用机制； 2．深入探讨溶气超声聚焦裂解机理，建立其动力学模型。 3．研究纳米离子扩散方式以及纳米离子对超生对聚焦裂解过程的影响。 4．使用模糊控制的方法，对超声裂解污水处理系统进行智能控制。 5．通过对传统的活性污泥工艺、SBR法的分析找出其优缺点，并研究探讨MSBR工艺与超声聚焦裂解工艺衔接相关问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water is the main substance that makes up of the earth surface. Water is the headspring of life, it also is the most important natural resource for human’s living and production. It is the most important dependent factor of the natural zoology system’s prosperity. Human used to look the water as the resource that is very cheap and never used up. But along with the population’s growth and the economy develops rapidly. The shortage of the water resource is now appear in many places, and the pollution of water and the harm it brings make the shortage of water much more badly and it also badly destroyed the balance zoology of the nature. It makes it a threat to the human self’s exist and develop of the human society, so it is the most urgent task for human to protect water resource and prevent the water pollution.To resolve the problem of water’s valid way is to saving to use water, product clearly, and the waste water’s father. Among them the level of water’s father and its used degree will be the important index of the social important and social civilization in the 21 century.Traditional treatment for the high consistency industrial waste water, commonly use the chemical method, biology method and their combination method. Although it is very simple to deal with the wastewater by the chemical method, the charge sometime is very high, and sometimes it is difficulty to find the chemical medicine to decompose the high consistency, difficultly decomposed industrial waste water. The biology method’s charge is relatively lower, but it can not direct to deal with high consistency, difficultly decomposed industrial waste water.In recent years, some experts finds a lot of new method to deal with the high consistency, difficultly decomposed industrial waste water, such as high temperature, oxidation method. It uses high temperature and high expression to deal with high consistency, difficultly decomposed industrial waste water. Its effect is very good, but it needs high temperature and high press, its safe makes the user worry. So it never extends to be used. The contrary filer method is a new method to improve rapidly in recent years .The water after it treated is very good, but to treat with the high consistency, difficultly decomposed industrial waste water is a big problem that it is easy to anti-filter pollution; and the investment is very large. So it is not a economic to use it deal with the living waste water.SBR has a lot of advantages, but if used low local SBR reactor, the waste water should stay a long time in the reactor, if the period change the frequency, the time of deposition and drain will increased in the whole period, maybe it will excess the time that waste stay in the traditional aeration and the second deposit pool system, it is not economic.更多还原