【作者】 王芳；

【导师】 王增长；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文系统地分析了焦化废水的种类和特性。通过实际工程项目的经验了解到单独的生化法难以处理高浓度焦化废水，甚至导致污泥死亡。本文以太原市煤气化公司第一焦化厂废水(COD_Cr、NH₃-N、pH值)作为研究对象，考虑到焦化废水成分复杂、COD_Cr高且难降解的特点和内电解法处理废水的高效、易操作且能提高废水可生化性等优点，设计了以内电解预处理法处理焦化废水的方案。论文主要研究结果如下： 1．通过正交实验研究各工艺影响因素对处理效果的影响程度。选定pH值、停留时间和铁碳比为研究的影响因素，以COD_Cr、NH₃-N、色度等为指标参数来评价处理效果。结果显示，他们的影响大小依次为：pH值→Fe／C比→停留时间。在pH值越低、停留时间越长、铁碳比越接近1的情况下，处理效果越好，COD_Cr和色度的去除率分别为69.9％和90％，且毒性减少，达到了预处理的目的。并在正交试验的基础上，对各因素分别进行了单因素试验，最终得到最佳处理技术条件为：进水初始pH5.0，铁碳比1∶1.5，反应时间80min。以此技术条件进行优化试验，处理效果趋于稳定。 2．用加盐的方法来对内电解处理工艺进行强化。在工艺条件不变的情况下，加入实验用的化学纯硫酸铝、氯化铵、氯化钙等几种常用的盐对内电解工艺进行强化处理。研究结果表明：加盐强化不但可以提高COD_Cr和色度的去除率，而且可以缩短反应时间。在控制最佳工艺条件下处理焦化废水加盐比不加盐处理效果要好，硫酸铝的最佳投加量为1.5g／L，氯化钙的最佳投加量为1.0g／L，而氯化铵溶液因为增加了底物中NH₄⁺浓度，对于NH₃-N去除不利，故不予考虑，反应时间能从60min缩更多还原

【Abstract】 Systematic analysis of the varieties and characteristics of the coking wastewater was conducted. Based on the experience of practical projects, we found that it was unfeasible to treat the coking wastewater only with biological methods, It even caused the death of sludge. Considering higher CODCr, complex composition and recalcitrant organic compounds in coking wastewater and effectiveness and ease in operation of sider-electrolysis, an schemes of sider-electrolysis preoperate method was established.1.Some technology control-factors are studied through orthogonal experiment to study their impact on treating effect. The pH value, reaction time, the ration of Fe/C are chosen as control factors. COD_Cr, NH₃-N and color are indicating indexes for estimating treating effect. The result shows that effecting order is pH value, the ration of Fe/C and reaction time. The lower the pH value is, the longer the retention time is, and the closer to 1 of the rationon of Fe/C is, the better the efficiency is. Generally, the removal rate of COD_Cr and colors are respectively 69.9% and 90%. The biogradability of effluent is improved and the toxicity is reduced. It achieves the goal of pretreating.And on the basis of the orthogonal experiments ,conducting the mono-factor test to each of the factors.The optimization were determined to be:initial pH value:5.0;the ration of the Fe/C:1:1.5;the react time:80（min）.And optimum experiment was carried out on this condition, the efficiency goes to更多还原