【作者】 吴红；

【导师】 曹建新；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 磷石膏是磷酸厂排出的工业废渣。每生产1t（以P₂O₅计）湿法磷酸，就会产生5t磷石膏。由于磷石膏含有有害物质，任意排放、堆置而不加处理，不仅侵占大量土地，还会污染环境。其回收和再利用，一直是人们关注的问题。磷石膏的主要成分是二水硫酸钙及其它一些杂质。采用适当的处理方法和工艺，磷石膏可望成为化工、建材等领域的有用资源。 本课题对磷行膏轻质墙体砖的制备进行实验研究，探讨了磷石膏制备轻质墙体砖的强度、耐水性能和优化了生产工艺条件。分析了磷石膏预处理方式和掺加耐水剂对轻质墙体砖性能的影响以及磷石膏轻质墙体砖的水化反应机理。 研究结果表明，磷石膏经适当方法预处理后可用于制备磷石膏轻质墙体砖。但石灰中和法简单、投资少，成本低，在能够满足磷石膏轻质墙体砖强度等级要求的前提下，宜采用石灰中和法对磷石膏进行预处理。通过一系列的单因素实验和对制品抗压强度、软化系数及吸水率的正交试验研究，确定采用磷石膏—矿渣—硅砂—水泥—生石灰五组分配料体系，并按照磷石膏51％，矿渣20％，硅砂15％，水泥10％，生石灰4％外掺两种助剂（增强剂1.5％，耐水剂0.5％）的配比进行实验，能够满足JC422—91《非烧结普通粘土砖》标准要求。 本课题的突出创新性在于采用石灰中和磷石膏的预处理方法和浇注成型法制备磷石膏轻质墙体砖。这种工艺设备相对简单，易于操作，更有利于工业化大规模生产。具有较大的适用性和现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phosphogypsum is by—product that is formed in the production of phosphoric acid and phosphoric fertilizers. Generally it would yield to extra five tons phosphogypsum （according to P2O5） per producing one-ton phosphoric acid. As the wasted dregs contain nocuous ingredients, it has been occupying land, polluting environment because phosphogypsum is discharged randomly. Its being recycled and reused is always being researched. The main composition of the phosphogypsum is CaSO₄·2H₂O and some impurities. Through appropriate methods and technique, the phosphogypsum may be used as the useful resources of the chemical engineering, building materials areas etc.The paper research on phosphogypsum lightweight wall-bricks. We discuss strength, water resistance, processing technology condition of the lightweight wall-bricks. We analyse the affection of phosphogypsum pretreatmeat way and adding water repellent compound and hydrate reactive mechanism of phosphogypsum lightweight wall-bricks.The results show that phosphogypsum can be used for preparing lightweight wall-bricks after being properly pretreated. But the lime-neutralization method is simple. With this method, we succeeded in making the phosphogypsum lightweight wall-bricks. It has been satisfactorily the standard of intensity level.By a series of single factor and orthogonal experiments of compression resistance, softening coefficient, water absorption. The suitable condition of production is obtained. This system is contain of phosphogypsum, mine refuse, silica sand, cement, calcium lime. We can get the phosphogypsum lightweight wall-bricks which attain the standard of JC422-91.The paper’s innovations are that prepare phosphogypsum lightweight wall-bricks including the approach of pretreatment of lime-neutralization phosphogypsum and the method of casting moulding. The technique equipment is relatively simple, and it’s easy to control. According to the method, it can be used to manufacture the product on industry scale. Therefore the way has application and value.更多还原