【作者】 杨斌；

【导师】 黎成厚；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 土壤学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 选择三种代表性土壤，通过室内等温吸附和添加有机物料培养试验，讨论了土壤性质对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附特性的影响，以及加入有机物料培养后对土壤有机质、腐殖酸、pH值、非晶质铁、以及有效铬含量变化的影响，进一步探索了不同类型有机物料培养后对土壤Cr(Ⅵ)吸附特性的影响。结果表明：土壤的pH值、有机质，腐殖酸及氧化物状况是影响土壤铬吸附特性及有效性的重要因素，其主要结论如下： 1．黄壤、棕壤和石灰土对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量随时间的延长而增加，在3小时左右达到吸附平衡。 2．加入相同量的Cr(Ⅵ)，第四纪红色粘土对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量最大，吸附量是黄壤的2.5倍左右，黄壤的吸附量是棕壤吸附量2倍；含有机质较高的石灰土的吸附量最低。土壤对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附等温线可用Langmuir模型、Freundlich模型、Temkin模型描述，其中以Langmuir模型较好。 3．黄壤、棕壤对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附特性受土壤的基本理化性质影响较大，吸附量与土壤游离氧化铁含量、粘粒含量呈显著的正相关关系，与有机质和腐殖酸含量呈负相关。 4．加入相同浓度不同pH值的Cr(Ⅵ)，黄壤和棕壤对铬的吸附量随pH值升高而降低，在pH3-7吸附量随pH的升高下降缓慢，在pH7-9时吸附量随pH的升高急剧下降。 5．土壤添加有机物料培养后，土壤非晶质氧化铁含量升高，四种有机物料对氧化铁的活化贡献的大小顺序为：葡萄糖／蛋白胨＞牛粪＞玉米秸秆＞泥炭，对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附的影响是黄壤大于棕壤；葡萄糖／蛋白胨的作用效果大于玉米秸秆和泥炭，有机物料的添加量与活性铁的含量呈正相关。 6．有机物料的加入能够通过促进土壤微生物的生命活动，使土壤有机质、pH值、非晶质氧化铁、腐殖酸等发生变化，进而影响土壤Cr(Ⅵ)吸附特性，添加四种有机物料培养后黄壤和棕壤对铬吸附量的大小为：葡萄糖／蛋白胨＞牛粪＞玉米秸秆＞泥炭。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of the soil properties on its retention characteristics were discussed. Considering the differences of soil properties (thermostatical water bath shake, adsorption to Cr (VI) balance law determine), direct against soil the property difference,study different kinds of organic supplies indoors train terms under to soil Cr (VI) suck last influence of characteristic, explain source chromium influence factor of validity outside the soil further. The result shows: Soil PH, organic matter, rotten quality sour and oxide state to influence soil chromium suck, hold characteristic and other source chromium important element of validity.1.Yellow soil, brunisolic soil, lime soil adsorptioninmount in Cr (VI) increase with extension of time, reach the balance of adsorption in about 3 hours.2.Add the same density Cr (VI) standard liquid,Quaternary Period red clay to Cr (VI) adsorptioning amount the heaviest, it’s adsorption Yellow soil 2.5 times, adsorption of Yellow soil brunisolic suck 2 times of holding etc.; Includes organic matter than high lime the soil only suck hold amount most low. adsorption available Langmuir model, Freundlich model, Temkin model describe model better with Langmuir among them.3.Yellow soil, brunisolic soil adsorption Cr (VI) characteristic receive basic physical and chemical of great impact property of soil, adsorption amount and soil free iron oxide rust content present positive correlation relation,as content organic shoulder relevant presenting, dip in grains of relevance of content relatively high with soil.4. Join the same density different pH chromium standard solution of value, Yellow soil and brunisolic soil ’s adsorption in chromium rise and reduce with pH value, in pH3-7 adsorption amount with pH rising drop slow,in pH7-9 at adsorption amount with rising of pH drop suddenly.5.Organic supplies add behind the soil, soil free iron oxide rust and brilliant quality content of iron oxide rust rise non-, they role in yellow soil result greater than the brunisolic soil. Glucose /albumen peptone function result greater than maize straw and peat,organic supplies add amount更多还原