节点文献
新闻语篇的批评性分析
A Critical Analysis of News Discourse
【作者】 李涛;
【导师】 李发根;
【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 , 英语语言文学, 2006, 硕士
【副题名】从及物性看意识形态
【摘要】 批评语言学是以社会实践为基础的话语分析模式。本文首先以费尔克劳夫(Fairclough)等人倡导的批评话语分析(Critical Discourse Analysis)理论为框架,以韩礼德(Halliday)的及物性理论为分析工具,建设性地提出了批评话语分析的功能框架(functional framework),即以韩礼德的及物性理论中的六个过程为基础,结合费尔克劳夫关于批评话语分析描述、说明、解释的三维理论,建构用于新闻语篇批评性分析的功能框架。 本文以美中媒体对美国“9·11”袭击事件的六条新闻报道为语料,以小句为单位,在所建构的批评话语分析的功能框架内进行对比分析,从而揭示出意识形态是如何作用于语篇,语篇如何反作用于意识形态,以及二者是如何服务于社会的。 论文共由五章组成。第一章为引论,主要介绍本文的研究背景、研究目的,研究方法、研究意义、语料收集:同时提出三个研究问题:(1)在新闻体裁中,政治新闻语类和文化新闻语类都被证实承载意识形态,那么经济新闻语类是否也承载意识形态?如果是,三种语类反映意识形态的方式有何不同?(2)所建构的功能框架是否具有可操作性,是否可以运用于新闻语篇的批评性分析?(3)系统功能语言学与批评语言学之所以能够结合的内在关系是什么?第二章追溯批评话语分析的历史,重点介绍权势、意识形态及作为批评话语分析工具的及物性理论,在此基础上建构批评话语分析的功能框架。第三章探讨新闻语篇的研究历史。第四章主要是在批评话语分析的功能框架内对所选新闻语料进行定性分析和定量分析,以此来揭示隐藏在话语背后的意识形态,并对每种语类揭示意识形态的不同方式做出对比。第五章为本文结论,主要有三点,即经济新闻语类也承载意识形态,但并不如政治和文化新闻语类明显;本文提出的批评话语分析的功能框架具有可行性和可操作性,可以作为新闻语篇批评性分析的理论依据;系统功能语言学与批评语言学具有一定的内在联系。 本文的研究价值与意义主要体现在三个方面:一是扩充了批评话语分析的研究范围。批评话语分析以往考察的主要对象仅限于政治和文化新闻语类,忽略了经济新闻语类。经济新闻语类也是意识形态的重要载体;二是为批评话语分析构建了一个功能框架。该框架以及物性理论中的六个过程为基础,结合费尔克劳夫关于批评话语分析描述、说明、解释的三维理论,是一个可操作的、用于新闻语篇批评性分析的功能框架;三是通过历时研究与实际操作,本文发现系统功能语言学与批评语言学既有联系又有区别,这一点在系统功能语言学与批评语言学发展史上缺乏系统总结。
【Abstract】 Critical linguistics is a discourse analysis model based on social practice. This thesis, firstly adopting the theoretical framework proposed by Fairclough and taking Hallidayan transitivity theory as the analytical tool, tentatively puts forwards a functional framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (henceforth CDA), viz. to construe a functional framework based on Hallidayan transitivity theory and integrating Fairclough’s three-dimensional method of discourse analysis (description, interpretation, explanation) to analyze news discourse critically.By virtue of focusing on the data with clause as the analytical level, the thesis analyzes news discourse of September 11th attack in detail to uncover how ideology controls discourse and contrarily how discourse counter-controls ideology and how the two interact to serve society.This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 presents the background knowledge of the present study, the objectives to achieve, the research methodology adopted, the data collection and research questions. Chapter 2 traces the history of CDA, a special concern is laid on the theory of power, ideology and transitivity as an analytical tool of CDA, and proposes a functional framework of CDA. Chapter 3 illustrates the definition of news and the categories of news based on the criterion of content. Chapter 4 applies the construed functional framework of CDA to carry on a qualitative and quantitative study centering upon data samples from American press and Chinese newspapers to reveal the subdiscoursal ideologies and to tell the different way the three genres manifest ideologies respectively . Chapter 5 draws a conclusion, figures out significance of the research and points out limitation of the present study and some areas for further study.The significance of this research is presented in three spheres. One is the extension of research scope of CDA. Previously CDA exerts too much interest in analyzing such news discourse as politics and culture without paying enough attention to economic ones which are actually capable of carrying ideology. The other is the construing of the functional framework of CDA, namely, proposing a functional framework based on Hallidayan transitivity theory and integrating Fairclough’s three-dimensional method of discourse analysis (description, interpretation, explanation) to analyze news discourse critically. The last is the tentative exploration of the relationship between Systemic Functional Linguistic(henceforth SFL) and CDA, which is a research gap at present.
【Key words】 CDA; news discourse; ideology; transitivity; functional framework;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 江西师范大学 【网络出版年期】2006年 12期
- 【分类号】H315
- 【被引频次】4
- 【下载频次】977