论让与担保

【作者】 陈红；

【导师】 程宝山；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 民商法， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 时值《物权法》制定之际，让与担保是否纳入或以特别法的形式制定成为热点。虽然《物权法》三审稿中删除“让与担保”，但笔者认为让与担保不应删除。让与担保是20世纪兴起的一种非典型让与担保制度，在其发生、发展的过程中，遭到各国学界的激烈批评，判例实务之立场也摇摆不定，但作为物的担保的最早形态，发展至今仍被学说和实务所认可，足以证明其巨大的优势和积极的社会作用，故不应任意否定其存在的理由，而应强化其理论构造，使其合理化，更能符合社会的需要。 让与担保制度是顺应市场经济发展对资金融通和动产用益的迫切需要而产生和发展起来的一种非典型担保制度。让与担保已在德国、日本、美国等国家得到了广泛的应用。我国市场经济的发展也存在对资金融通和动产用益的迫切需要。作为能满足此种需要的一种制度，让与担保是否应纳入到我国将要制定的民法典中，以及如何构建我国让与担保制度便成为当前必须研究的问题。为了深入全面地探讨上述问题，本文首先对让与担保的概念、性质等一般理论问题进行系统的阐述，认为让与担保权实质上是担保物权。让与担保的基本内涵和让与担保作为一种独特的担保方式的基本特征，通过让与担保的法律构成的考察分析，使我们认识到让与担保起源于罗马法上的信托制度，从担保物权的标的物为不动产为主向动产为主、从仅限于有形财产向无形财产发展、从所有权构成向担保权构成方向发展。让与担保作为物的担保的最原始形态，在当代社会重新为人们所认识和利用，就是因为它符合了担保物权的这一发展趋势。目前，日本、德国、瑞士以及我国的台湾的判例和学说均承认让与担保制度的存在，让与担保是这些国家在制订法之外被广泛运用的，由习惯法加以调整的一种担保方式；分析了让与担保的设定，论述了让与担保合同的性质属物权行为，让与担保的设定人可以是债务人也可以是第三人，让与担保标的物的范围极为广泛、灵活；让与担保应当公示。 其次，着重分析了让与担保的效力：对内效力上，从对让与担保标的物的利用、占有、保管，让与担保设定人的返还请求权几个方面入手阐述了让与担保在设定人与担保权人之间形成的权利义务关系。指出担保权人享有的是对担保物的更多还原

【Abstract】 At the time of drafting The Property Law, whether the system of the transferring guarantee is brought into The Property Law or into special law become a hot problem. Although third draft of The Property Law deleted "the transferring guarantee", the author think it should not be deleted. Transferring guarantee is an untypical guarantee system. In the course of its development it has bee subjected to criticisms from the academic circles. However, transferring guarantee, as one of the earliest stage of guarantee, is still recognized by case and actual practice today, so it is enough to prove its huge dominance and active social advantage and transferring guarantee. As a result, the author thinks that we shouldn’t arbitrarily negate the reason of its existence; however we should enhance its theoretical structure and rationalize it to meet the demand of the society. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis from the transferring guarantee of conception, law constitute, the methods of mortgage of public summons, effects and function , combine the our country’s practice, elaborate the necessity of drafting the system of the transferring guarantee at nowadays.The system of transferring guarantee comes and develops into a untypical guarantee system, which meets with the urgent needs to finance and use the movable property of the market economy. The transferring guarantee has already been applied extensively in the following countries, such as Germany, Japan, U.S.A, etc. In our country, financing and usufruct of the movable property are also urgent needs. As an important system that can meet this kind of need, the transferring guarantee whether should be inscribed into the Civil Law of our country or not and how to be constructed, which turn out be the current issues that must be researched promptly. Firstly, in order to discuss this problem systematically and deeply, The author narrates the conception、nature of transferring guarantee system and holds that the essence of transferring guarantee is the real right for security. The author analysis with his common theory ,for example , basis conception、the original way the personal property security systems更多还原