【作者】 张婷锦；

【导师】 张校刚；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 物理化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 长期以来,由于MnO₂碱性电池具有放电容量较大,比能量较高,低温性能优良,性能可靠等优点,因此传统的碱性电池一直采用MnO₂作为正极活性物质,然而其容量性能的进一步提高受到了MnO₂电极的限制。随着人们对化学电源需求的日益扩大和现有电极材料资源的日益萎缩,寻求放电容量大、输出电压高的新材料成为广大电池研究者的重要课题。本论文分为四个章节。第一章综述了本论文的研究背景,包括化学电源及其现状简介、碱性锌锰电池概述、AgCuO₂、Ag₂Cu₂O₃、CuO、CuS的相关知识介绍以及纳米材料及制备的概述。第二章为错误!链接无效。及AgCuO₂/碳纳米管（CNTs）,AgCuO₂/TiO₂纳米管复合材料的制备及其在碱性电解液中的电化学性能研究。首先通过利用化学沉淀法制备了AgCuO₂,X-射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）及透射电镜表征表明,所制样品为纳米级,晶型良好。恒电流放电测试结果表明在不同放电制度下,AgCuO₂的放电容量均远大于EMD的理论放电比容量。进一步尝试以硫粉作为添加剂对AgCuO₂进行改性,结果表明,硫粉的掺杂明显改善了AgCuO₂的放电性能。利用线性扫描测试研究了AgCuO₂及硫粉添加后AgCuO₂的电化学行为,给出了硫粉掺杂改性的可能机理。利用化学沉淀法制备了AgCuO₂/CNTs复合材料,X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜表征表明,所制样品为纳米级,其表面附有网状的纳米管。恒电流放电测试结果表明,碳纳米管的加入虽没有改变AgCuO₂的放电机理,但明显改善了AgCuO₂的放电性能。在不同放电制度下,AgCuO₂/CNTs的放电容量均远大于AgCuO₂的放电容量。利用交流阻抗技术考察了AgCuO₂及AgCuO₂/CNTs的电化学行为,给出了碳纳米管掺杂改性的可能原因。最后利用化学沉淀法制备了AgCuO₂/ TiO₂纳米管复合材料,对其电化学性能进行研究,结果表明,TiO₂纳米管的掺杂明显改善了AgCuO₂的放电性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Conventional alkaline electrochemical cells have an anode comprising zinc and a cathode comprising manganese dioxide. They have been widely used in our everyday life due to their advantages on discharge capacity, specific energy and low-temperature performance et al. Although such alkaline cells are in widespread commercial use there is a need to improve the cell or develop a new type of cell that exhibits reliable performance and longer service life for normal applications and performs even better than conventional Zinc/MnO₂ cells.This thesis consists of four parts. The first one aims to survey the background of the research work. It comprises of the overview of the present status of chemical power sources, the introduction of Zinc/MnO₂ cell, the knowledge related to AgCuO₂、Ag₂Cu₂O₃、CuO、CuS and the introduction of nanosized materials and its preparation.The second chapter expresses the preparation and electrochemical performance of AgCuQ₂ AgCuO₂/CNTs（carbon nanotubes）and AgCuO₂/TiO₂ nanotubes composites.Firstly, AgCuO₂ powder was prepared by chemical coprecipitation method and characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. Its electrochemical properties were studied by means of galvanostatic discharge and linear sweep voltammetry experiments. AgCuO₂ shows the better discharge property in alkaline electrolyte than EMD. When sulfur was added into AgCuO₂ powder to form composite electrode, it was found that the addition of sulfur could significantly improve the discharge performance of AgCuO₂. Secondly, AgCuO₂/CNTs composite was prepared by chemical coprecipitation method and characterized by XRD and TEM techniques. From the test of galvanostatic discharge, the addition of carbon nanotubes did not change the discharge mechanism of AgCuO₂. It was also found that the discharge capacity of AgCuO₂ modified by CNTs at different discharge rate increased due to the decrease of the intrinsic resistance and pseudo-charge transfer resistance of active materials as obtained by electrochemical impedance spectra. At last, AgCuO₂/TiO₂ nanotubes composite was prepared and its electrochemical更多还原