【作者】 夏杉；

【导师】 朱乐红；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 高等教育学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 通识教育是旨在建立人的主体性，以完成人的自我解放、并与人所生存之人文及自然环境建立互为主体关系的教育，它是一种教育理念和课程实施模式的结合体。在当今知识爆炸和学科分立的时代，通识教育在大学的作用日益凸现，成为解决大学专业教育危机的关键。 随着我国高等教育改革向纵深层次发展，许多高校开始重视并实施通识教育，把改革通识教育课程作为改善和提高本科课程体系整体水平的重要途径。然而，目前我国大学的通识教育课程仍存在着设置不合理和质量不高的问题，学生和教师在对待通识教育课程上还存有一定的偏见。许多高校还没有形成科学合理的通识教育课程体系。因此，对比研究国内外高校尤其是美国高校开展通识教育的成功经验，避短取长，对改进我国大学通识教育课程体系有着十分重要的现实意义。 本文采用实证、比较、文献分析、历史研究、理论论证研究方法，主要对比了中美高校通识教育课程，分析了美国高校通识教育课程的特点，总结了中美高校通识教育课程的差异并在其基础上提出了中国高校通识教育“领域综合”的课程理论设想。 本文共分为五章。第一章为导论，分析了通识教育的内涵，第二章和第三章分别为美国高校和中国高校通识教育课程概述，笔者对比了通识教育在美国和中国的发展历程，介绍了中美通识教育课程的理念基础，分析了中美通识教育课程的现状及相应的内容与实施情况。第四章笔者总结了美国高校通识教育课程的特点和中美高校通识教育课程的差异，第五章为对比研究后的启示，笔者主要提出了“领域综合”这一中国高校通识教育课程设计的理论设想及其实施过程中的问题、困难及对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 General education refers to the type of education which focuses on the forming of "whole beings" and aims to accomplish self-liberty and to build an interactive relationship between the "whole Beings" and the natural environment as well as the human society we live in. It integrates educational ideals with curriculum practice. In such an era of knowledge explosion and discipline separation, general education has been the key to ameliorate crises brought by specialized education.Along with the development of higher education reforms in China, many universities are now attaching more importance to general education and trying to put it into practice. However, problems still exist in the general education courses in the Chinese universities. For example, the structure is not reasonable and the quality still awaits improvements; University teachers and students have prejudice over general education courses. Many universities don’t comprehend the potential meaning of general education and fail to provide the students with a scientific and reasonable general education system. Therefore, we need to summarize the successful experience of both the domestic and abroad in general education with an aim to adjust and reconstruct the system of general education courses in Chinese universities.The author applies the researching methods of material demonstration, comparison, document analysis, history study and positivist in the thesis and compares the general education courses in the universities of the United States and China respectively with an analysis into their characteristics in American universities and puts forward the idea of "realm-synthesis" model for the general course system in Chinese universities.The thesis consists of five chapters. In the first chapter the concept connotation of general education is introduced. In the second and the third chapter, the author elaborates the general education courses in the universities of both China and the United States, and compares their development respectively; thereafter, the author further introduces the foundation of the general education ideals in these two更多还原