【作者】 杨慧；

【导师】 段予忠； 宗成中；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以丁二烯-丙烯腈的乳液聚合体系为研究对象，对超声波作用下的共聚反应进行了研究。初步探索了超声波乳化时间、聚合温度、聚合时间、十二硫醇用量、乳化剂和引发剂的用量以及加料方式等影响因素对聚合物分子量、转化率、乳液固含量、凝胶含量、共聚物的微观结构和乳胶粒的大小、分布以及形态等的影响规律。研究表明：在30℃时，超声波乳化90min，歧化松香酸皂和油酸皂的复合型乳化剂3.5份，聚合时间4h，共聚物的转化率已达到70％以上；确定了超声波在不同温度下，对乳液聚合体系的最佳作用时间；探讨了超声波乳化时间、乳化剂和引发剂的用量以及加料方式对聚合物乳胶粒大小、粒径分布和粒子形态的影响规律：本实验体系所得无超声波乳化的聚合物乳胶粒分布在100～500nm，随着超声波乳化时间的延长，乳胶粒逐渐减小至100nm以下：超声波乳化时间45min时，乳胶粒的粒径为75nm左右；超声波乳化时间90min时，聚合物乳胶粒粒径减小至50nm以下；但粒径分布变窄。随着乳化剂、引发剂用量的增加，乳胶粒逐渐变小，粒径分布变宽，但随着分批加料次数的增多，聚合物乳胶粒的粒径逐渐变大，粒径分布变窄。最后，通过IR、NMR、DSC等分析测试手段确定了该体系所得聚合物为丁二烯-丙烯腈的无规共聚物。更多还原

【Abstract】 The copolymerization of acrylonitrile-butadiene latex system was studied by ultrasonic emulsification. The effect of polymerization factors including the ultrasonic time, polymerization temperature, polymerization time, the dosage of RSH, the dosages and adding wises of emulsifiers and initiators on the molecular weight, conversion, the contents of solid and gel, copolymer microstructure, the emulsion particles size, particles distribution and particles configuration were studied primarily. Compared to the traditional butadiene-acrylonitrile emulsion polymerization, the conversion of copolymer was increased enormously and arrived at 70% in this system which polymerization temperature is 30℃, polymerization time is 4 hours, the ultrasonic time is 90 minutes, and with 3.5 shares emulsifier. At the same time, the best times of the ultrasonic emulsification were ascertained of different polymerization temperatures, Which are 90 minutes at 30℃, 150 minutes at 0℃, and 30minutes at 50℃. The emulsion particles size was changed greatly with the ultrasonic time increasing. The emulsion particles size with no ultrasonic was between 100nm and 500nm. With the ultrasonic time increasing, the emulsion particles were becoming smaller and smaller. For example, the emulsion particles diameter with 45 minutes ultrasonic was about 75nm and accordingly with 90 minutes ultrasonic was under 50nm. On the other hand, with the ultrasonic time increasing, the distribution of particles size was becoming narrower and narrower. In the same way, the dosages of the emulsifier and initiator greatly also influenced the emulsion particles size and their distribution. With the dosage increasing, their emulsion particles were becoming更多还原