【作者】 杨小丽；

【导师】 朱守正；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 无线电物理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球定位系统（GPS）在全球的快速发展，特别是在手机业务中的使用，使得对GPS天线要求越来越高，不仅要满足其圆极化的特性，对其外观及与系统集成度方面的要求也进一步增多，特别是在小型化的研究上，除此之外，还要求降低其成本，才是其能广泛推广的关键。本论文针对GPS天线的上述性能，在原有设计的基础上，进行了一些新的设计和研究，并给出了具体的设计过程和试验结果。论文主要包括以下内容： 首先，综述了两种GPS天线（贴片天线和螺旋天线）的已有进展，以及圆极化和小型化在当中的应用。 其次，设计了RNSS B3（1.268GHz）单频谐振式螺旋天线，实现对其馈电网络进行了研究和设计，保证在各螺旋臂上的信号幅度相同，相位两两相差90度，以实现其圆极化性能。 第三，设计和研究了一种新型的工作在1.575GHz的三臂螺旋天线，在不提高成本的基础上，降低GPS天线的尺寸，其带宽可达60MHz，并研究了其地场对天线性能的影响。最后根据仿真结果做了实验，和仿真结果基本吻合。 第四，研究了微带贴片天线的特性，并在传统微带天线的基础上利用表面开槽技术来实现其小型化设计。并研究了双频（1.227GHz和1.575GHz）GPS天线，通过在矩形贴片上开槽实现双频，适当选择馈电点位置，在微带贴片上激励TM₀₁模和TM₁₀模。同时提出了在双频GPS天线中使用Koch分形结构，并对其进行了仿真，通过仿真得出，其满足了双频的要求，在1.575GHz时圆极化性能较好，实现了小型化的设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the Global Position System in the world, particularly in the mobile phone business, higher and higher performance has been put forward, not only circular polarization, but also their appearance and system integration requirements, especially in the research on miniaturization. In addition, low cost is the key whether it can be applied widely. In this thesis, some new designs and researches have been done towards these demands in the basis of original design. The detailed processes of designs and experimental results are presented. The thesis mainly consists of following parts.Firstly, a survey of the previous progress in GPS antenna （helix antenna and microstrip antenna）, circular polarization and miniaturization apply in these antennas. Secondly, a helix antenna working in RNSS B3 band is proposed, and its feed network is researched and designed.Thirdly, a novel tri-filar helix antenna working in 1.575GHz band has been designed and researched, it can reduce GPS antenna’s size with low cost, whose band is 60MHz, and we have discussed the effect on ground. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with the simulated results.Lastly, the characters of microstrip antenna have been researched. We use the microstrip antenna with slots in order to achieve antenna’s miniaturization. Dual-band GPS antenna has been designed. By using a cross slot on the patch, a dual-band can be achieved. The optimal feed position for dual-frequency operation is chosen, which can excite TM₀₁ mode and TM₁₀ mode. At the same time, another dual-band GPS antenna is proposed, which is based on Koch fractal antenna. After simulated, we found it can achieve characters such as dual-band 、 circular polarization and miniaturization in 1.575GHz band.更多还原