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关于Aluthge变换的本性数值域和极大数值域的相关研究
On Essential Numerical Range and Maximal Numerical Range of the Aluthge Transform
【作者】 刘妮;
【导师】 吉国兴;
【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 , 基础数学, 2006, 硕士
【摘要】 数值域是泛函分析的重要组成部分,有关这方面的研究涉及到了基础数学及应用数学的许多不同分支,例如泛函分析,算子理论,C*-代数,不等式,数值分析,扰动性理论,系统论和量子物理等等,并且在这些分支上得到了广泛的应用。随着数值域的不断发展,其他各种数值域也相继出现,如极大数值域,本性数值域,本性极大数值域,联合数值域(joint),c-数值域以及联合本性极大数值域等,都为这方面的研究增添了无限生机。 对Hilbert空间H中的任一有界线性算子T,A.Aluthge在1990年定义了它的Aluthge变换(?)=|T|1/2U|T|1/2。2001年,Takeaki.Yamazaki又引入T的*-Aluthge变换(?)(*)=|T*|1/2U|T*|1/2。关于这两个算子及T的诸多性质的研究如谱的关系,数值域的包含关系,范数的关系等等都吸引了众多学者的关注。2002年,台湾学者吴培元在文[6]中就T,(?)及(?)(*)数值域的包含关系给出了两个结论,即对任意B(H)中的算子T有(1)(?)(2)(?)=(?)成立。最近,刘秀梅在文[3]中又进一步证明了W(?)=W((?)(*))依然是成立的。本文就是在此基础上对T,(?)及(?)(*)的本性数值域,极大数值域以及本性极大数值域加以讨论,主要内容如下: 第一章主要就算子T以及它的Aluthge变换(?),*-Aluthge变换(?)(*)的本性数值域之间的关系展开讨论。首先介绍了Aluthge变换的定义及基本性质,在第二小节证明了(?)K∈k(H),(?)-(?)∈K(H),从而进一步证明了We((?))(?)We(T)。与此同时我们证明了(?)和(?)(*)具有相同的本性数值域这一结论。在本章的最后对这三个算子的Weyl谱,Kato谱及约化点谱的一些包含关系进行了简单的讨论。 第二章主要研究了T,(?)和(?)(*)的极大数值域,本性极大数值域之间的关系,给出了三个主要结论,即(1)W0(T)(?);若‖T‖=‖(?)‖,则W0((?))(?)W0(T)。(2)对任意的λ∈C有W0((?)-λ)=W0((?)(*)-λ)成立。(3)essW0((?)-λ)=essW0((?)(*)-λ)对于任意的λ∈C成立。最后对这三个算子的Drazin逆,Moore-Penrose广义逆作了简单的讨论。
【Abstract】 Numerical range is an importent part of functional analysis, this subject is realated and has applications to many different branches of pure and applied science such as functional analysis, operator theorem, C*-algebras, inequalities, numerical analysis, perturbation theorem, martix polynomials, systems theorem, quantum physics and so on. In 1919, the famous Toeplitz-Hausdorff Theorem was proved, then the researches on the properties of numerical range and numerical radius became active. As a result of the development of numerical range, various generalized numerical range were studied, such as maximal numerical range, essential numerical range, essential maximal numerical range, joint numerical range, c-numerical range and joint essential maximal numerical range.For any bounded linear operator T on Hilbert space H, in 1990 A.Aluthge gave the definition of the Aluthge transform (T|) = |T|1/2∪|T|1/2 when studying p- hy-ponormal operator([1]). In 2001 when discussing the relationship between T and (T|), T.Yamazaki introduced the *-Aluthge transform (T|)(*) = |T*|1/2∪|T*|1/2 ([2]). After that, many lectures began to discuss the properties of T, (T|) and (T|)(*) such as p-hyponormal, log-hyponormal, spectrum, numerical range ect. In [6] Pei Yuan Wu drew two conclusions about the numerical range of T, (T|) and (T|)(*), that is for any bounded linear operator T, we have (1)(W((T|))|——) (?) (W(T)|——), (2)(W((T|))|——) = (W((T|)(*))|——). Recently, in [3] the author Xiumei Liu proved that W((T|)) = W((T|)(*)) was also true. The aim of this paper is to make an investigation on the essential numerical range, maximal numerical range and essential maximal numerical numerical range about T, (T|) and (T|)(*).The main content as follows: Chapter 1 pays the emphasis on the result that We(T|) (?) We(T), which generalized the main result in [6], also we prove that T and (T|)(*) have the same essential numerical range. At the same time, the Weyl spectrum, Kato spectrum and reduce spectrum of the three operators are discussed.Chapter 2 deals with the maximal numerical range, essential maximal numerical range and some generalized inverse of (T|) and (T|)(*). In this chapter we prove three main results:(1) W0(T) (?) (W((T|))|——);If ||T|| = ||(T|)||, then W0((T|)) (?) W0(T). (2)For anyA e C, we have WQ(T - A) = W0(T^ - A). (3) essW0(f - A) = essW0(f W - A) holds for any A G C.
【Key words】 Aluthge transform; essential numerical range; maximal numerical range; essential maximal numerical range; Kato spectrum; Drazin inverse;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 陕西师范大学 【网络出版年期】2006年 10期
- 【分类号】O177
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