【作者】 梁鸿；

【导师】 张宝善；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 食品科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 枣树(Zizyphus jujube Mill)是原产于中国的特色果树，系鼠李科枣属植物。其果实称红枣(Zizyphus jujube Dates)又日枣、华枣。《本草纲目》等古代很多著作及有关省志、县志的记载，足以证明中国枣树栽培具有4000多年的历史。古代文献资料论述以及现代科学分析，都证实了红枣具有极高的营养保健价值。中国枣树主要分布在黄河中下游，集中在冀、鲁、豫、陕、晋等省。现全国枣树面积约46.47万公顷，年产鲜枣80多万吨。 本文为弘扬中国枣文化，宣传红枣极高的营养保健价值。总结中国红枣产业发展现状及存在问题，提出建议及对策，为中国红枣产业的发展提供参考。 本文首先对中国古代著名的古农学、古医学以及省志、县志直至诗歌、神话等广为查阅、归纳，颂扬了中国红枣的伟大历史渊源，证实中国是枣树大国。本文调查了陕西省、山西省、河北省、山东省、河南省境内的红枣资源，包括红枣密植园、贮藏加工设施、市场销售体系、技术服务体系、龙头企业、协会组织等。通过调查及科学的总结、归纳和分析，对中国红枣发展的现状进行了综合评价。包括各地政府出台的相关红枣产业发展的政策与法规，枣树科学发展的概况，我国红枣品种的分布状况及品种构成，红枣加工产品及其加工技术，鲜枣的贮藏保鲜及干枣和蜜枣近年来的出口态势。介绍了现代红枣加工企业的发展现状。 其次对我国红枣产业存在的主要问题进行了阐述，包括枣树品种、枣树栽植、红枣生产与加工、红枣的贮藏保鲜及加工产品市场开拓等问题。 最后本文提出我国红枣产业发展的战略对策。21世纪的到来，我国加入WTO、农业产业结构调整、西部大开发。在这样一种大调整、大发展的历史背景下，我国红枣业正在迎来其崭新的大发展时期。到21世纪50年代，我国将整体上达到中等发达国家水平。在今后的50年间，随着生活水平的大幅度提高，人们对营养型果品及其加工品的需求必然会大幅度增加。在我国，枣果作为传统的滋补保健佳品，早已深入人心。因而可以预测，枣果及其加工品在国内具有十分广阔的市场开发空间。对我国红枣产业发展提出以下建议，包括科技对策建议：枣树优良品种选育、枣“绿色”栽培标准化技术规程、鲜食枣周年／亚周年供应配套技术、红枣加工产业化、红枣产业化经营与管理模式、实施“果、畜、沼、窖、草”生产模式，建立生态果园、加强枣果科技研发等。政策措施实施建议：加强枣区基础设施建设，提高防御自然灾害能力、建立信用担保，将枣业保险纳入财政支持更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese jujube, which belongs to the plant of Shu Li, was originally from China, and its fruit is also called Ziziphus or jujube. Judging from the records of many ancient works like "Bencaogangmu", planting of Chinese jujube in China has had a history of more than 4000 years. Well known for its rich nutrition and remarkable function of health concerns, Chinese jujube was proved with high value to health by both ancient works and scientific analysis. The Chinese jujube industry mainly distributes in the provinces at middle or lower reaches of Huanghe river, such as Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi etc., which are mostly poor mountainous area like north part of Shaanxi, Lvliang in Shanxi and Zanhuang in Hebei. Nowadays total planting area is about 464700 hm2, the output of fresh jujube is more than 0.8 million tons each year.To develop the culture of the Chinese jujube and propagandize its high healthy value, the actual state and existing problems of the Chinese jujube industry were investigated, and some suggestions and solutions were proposed for its development.Firstly, ancient works of agriculture and medicine were consulted and induced in this paper and the great historic origin of Chinese jujube in China was panegyrized. China has been proved with a long history of development of Chinese jujube. Then the research focused on the resources of Chinese jujube in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Henan etc., including plantations, storing and machining devices, distribution system, technical service system, leading enterprises and related associations and organizations and so on. The integrated estimation of the actual state of Chinese jujube industry has been established through the investigation and scientific analysis and induction, including the policies and rules of laws carried on by governments, the general situation of Chinese jujube science, the varietal distribution and constitution and also the machining product, machining techniques, the storing of fresh date and the export trend of dry date and honey date. The research also introduced the actuality of modern date machining enterprises.Secondly, the paper discussed the main existing problems of Chinese jujube更多还原