【作者】 刘建武；

【导师】 迟德富；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 森林保护学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过对采自帽儿山地区的异色瓢虫的斑型进行了统计;并分别用Monk指数、Simpson指数以及Shannon-Wiener指数,对这批异色瓢虫的多样性进行了分析。统计了其雌雄比,体长体宽比以及黄色底型中斑点的出现概率。利用扫描电镜,观察和对比了异色瓢虫的触角、下颚须、下唇须以及体表的微观结构。 研究结果如下: 1.对帽儿山地区2178只异色瓢虫进行了观察,共找到不同鞘翅斑型126种,其中以前未被记录的有15种。Monk指数、Simpson指数以及Shannon-Wiener指数分别为0.0579,0.901和1.36。 2.对黄底型异色瓢虫各斑点的概率进行了统计;显示斑点3的概率最高,斑点9和斑点1/2的概率则较小。不同的色斑型异色瓢虫间,尤其是在黄底型类群中,雌雄比例差别很大。而不同色斑型之间的体长、体宽和体长体宽比的差异也很显著。 3.通过扫描电镜的观察,显示不同色斑型异色瓢虫在触角的感器种类和数量上存在一定的差异。而不同色斑型间体表结构(包括头部、前胸背板、小盾片、鞘翅)以及下颚须、下唇须同样存在一些差异。 以上分析表明,异色瓢虫不同的色斑类型间,无论在宏观形态,还是在微观结构上都存在着差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper classified the proala crustacean macula of Harmonia axyridis Pallas in the area of the Maoershan, and analysed the diversity of this group of Harmonia axyridis Pallas through Monk-exponent, Simpson-exponent and Shannon-Wiener exponent. Calculated the sexual ratio and the proportion of length to width of body and the probabilities of spot in the light phenotype group. Then we described and contrasted morphology and ultrastructure of antenna, maxillary palpus, labial palpus and the surface of body of Harmonia axyridis Pallas by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results are as follows:1. The number of Harmonia axyridis tested is 2178, in which 126 phenotypes are found. There is 15 phenotypes that are never be named or reported are also found. Monk-exponent, Simpson-exponent and Shannon-Wiener exponent is respective 0.0579, 0.901 and 1.36.2. The probabilities of spot in the light phenotype group were calculated. The probabilities of No.3 spot is the most highest, the frequency of No.9 or No.1/2 spots is lower than others. The differences of sexual ratio were remarkable in different phenotypes of Harmonia axyridis, especially in the light phenotype group, the proportion of males decreased with the increasing spots. The differences are obvious in the length and width of body and of which the ratio of length and width is very signifiant among different phenotypes.3. The differences of the types and number of antennal sensilla in different phenotype groups is obsvered. The ultrastructure of maxillary palpus, labial palpus and the surface structure included head, pronotum, scutellum, elytral, was observed and compared in different phenotype groups by SEM. The differences are showed in different phenotype groups.The results above suggested there were differences not only in the morphology ,but in the microstructure of the different phenotypes of Harmonia axyridis Pallas.更多还原