【作者】 殷华成；

【导师】 吕世荣；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 当今世界,科学技术突飞猛进,知识经济时代已经来临。国与国之间的竞争实际上是科学技术的竞争,各个民族要想在国际竞争中立于不败之地,必须大力发展科学技术。怎样认识和发展科学技术,怎样实现社会可持续发展与人的全面发展,是我国现代化建设面临的重要的理论和现实问题。马克思和恩格斯历来重视对科学技术的学习与研究,他们对科学与技术的关系、科学技术与社会及自然的关系都有过深刻的思考,直到今天仍能给我们以深刻的启示。本文以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为方法,以科学史和技术史为基础,从科学技术与社会及自然的方面探讨马克思恩格斯的科技观。文章分为三大部分:第一部分通过对马克思恩格斯所处时代的科学技术发展水平和社会政治状况的分析,论述了马克思恩格斯科技观形成的历史背景;第二部分在整体理解马克思恩格斯科学技术论述的基础上,重点讨论了马克思恩格斯科技观的主要内容,其中包括:一、科学是技艺之母。二、社会需要是推动科学技术发展的强大动力。三、科学是历史的有力杠杆。四、人类不能陶醉于对自然的胜利。第三部分主要思考了马克思恩格斯科技观的当代启示:一是马克思恩格斯分析科技作用的方法启示即看待科技的理论视角(一)哲学的视角。(二)历史的视角。(三)逻辑的视角。二是马克思恩格斯分析科技作用的当代实践启示即他们科技观的本真精神(一)科学技术是生产力。(二)关注科学技术的负面效应,加强社会控制。(三)实现社会的可持续发展与人的全面发展。中国在启动以工业化和城市化为内容的现代化进程时,科学技术发展的社会环境已经发生了变化,研究马克思恩格斯的科技观,对于我们深入思考科学技术是生产力,为科学技术发展营造良好的环境,使科学真正走向技术更多还原

【Abstract】 In today’s world, the science and technology is fast developing, the knowledge economy era has arrived. Competition between nations is the competition in science and technology, every nation is invincible in international competition, we must energetically develop science and technology. How to understand and develop science and technology, and how to achieve sustainable social development and human development, China’s modernization is facing important theoretical and practical issues. Marx and Engels always take the science and technology study and the research, Their talking to the relations of the science and the technology, the science and technology and the natural relations all have had the profound ponder, still could give us the profound enlightenment today.This article took the dialectical materialism and the historical materialism as a method, took the science history and the technical history as the foundation, from the science, technical and society’s angles discussed Marx and Engels’s technical view. The article divides into three major parts: The first part through locates the time science and technology level of development to Marx and Engels and the social politics condition analysis, elaborated the historical background which the Marx and Engels science and technology view forms; The second part has outlined the process approximately which the Marx and Engels science and technology view forms, mainly discussed the Marx and Engels science and technology view main content, including: 1st, science and technology (craft technology) relations. 2nd, science and technology and society’s relations. 3rd, technical and technology and revolution′s relations. 4th, technical and technology and natural′s relations Thoroughly has excavated the technical view which in the Marx and Engels work contains; The third part has mainly analyzed the Marx and Engels science and technology views contemporary enlightenment. The first part had更多还原