激光雕刻仿生非光滑表面耐磨性的研究

【作者】 齐彦昌；

【导师】 华一新； 彭云； 马成勇；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 冶金物理化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 磨损是引起零件失效的主要原因之一，科研人员一直寻求提高材料耐磨性的方法。仿生工作者发现诸如蚯蚓、穿山甲等土壤动物长期穿梭于土壤、沙粒之间而不伤毫发，研究表明它们体表普遍存在非光滑形态，这种非光滑形态具有减阻、增强耐磨性的作用，这为研究材料耐磨性提供了新思路。 本文设计四种仿生非光滑形态的分布模型，并分析四种仿生形态的加工原理。采用激光雕刻技术在高速钢表面加工四种仿生非光滑形态凸包、凹坑、波纹和鳞片。 利用扫描电子显微镜及附带的EDAx能谱仪、金相显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了激光处理层的微观组织，并借助显微硬度计测量激光处理层的硬度分布和四种仿生非光滑表面的硬度分布。 利用磨粒磨损试验机分析比较了四种仿生非光滑表面、激光熔凝表面和未处理光滑表面的耐磨性，试验表明仿生非光滑鳞片表面的耐磨性最好，然后依次是仿生非光滑波纹表面、仿生非光滑凹坑表面、仿生非光滑凸包表面、激光熔凝表面，最后是未处理光滑表面。并研究了仿生非光滑表面的耐磨机理，耐磨性提高的原因是：提高材料表面硬度、细晶强化、固溶强化、仿生效应和桩钉效应。 研究了耐磨性较好的仿生非光滑鳞片表面和波纹表面的分布规律和形态大小。更多还原

【Abstract】 The wear was one of the reasons of the part inactivation, and the researchers looked for the methods to improve wear resistance. Bionic workman found that the animals living in the soil often shuttled in the soil and sand, but it was not hurt at all. Their cuticle universally exists unsmooth morphology, which can reduce resistance and enhanced wear resistance. So it took us to a new path to enhance wear resistance of material.The distributing models of four kinds of bionic unsmooth topography were designed in the paper, and the processed principles of four kinds of bionic unsmooth topography were analysised。 Four kinds of bionic unsmooth topography-convex 、 concave、 ripple and squama were made by laser carving on the surface of high speed steel.The microstructure of laser treated layer was analysised by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrometer, optical microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Hardness distribution of laser treated layer and four kinds of Bionic unsmooth surface were measured by means of hardness tester.The wear resistance of four kinds of bionic nonsmooth surface, laser remelting surface and smooth surface were investigated and compared by means of ML-100 wear testing machine. The experiment was shown that the wear resistance of bionic unsmooth squama surface was best in these surface, in turn bionic unsmooth ripple surface、 bionic unsmooth concave surface 、 bionic unsmooth convex surface、 laser remelting surface and smooth surface. The mechanism of wear resistance of bionic unsmooth surface was investigated, and The reason for abrasive wear resistance enhancement of bionics nonsmooth surface was grains super-refining strengthening, solution strengthening and the effect of bionics and dowel pin.Regularities of distribution of Bionic unsmooth suqama surface and bionic unsmooth ripple surface was investigated.更多还原