论我国外来物种入侵的法律控制

【作者】 杜江江；

【导师】 张树兴；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着当今全球经济一体化进程的加快，全球范围内的对外贸易、交通运输及旅游等行业迅速发展，打破了阻隔物种自然迁移的各种天然屏障，物种跨国跨地区迁移的数量和速度都大大增加。而其中有些迁移物种到达另一生态环境之后，可能转化为入侵物种，对本地生态环境及生物多样性构成严重威胁，从而引发外来物种入侵问题。 包括我国在内的世界各国正遭受着外来入侵物种的严重侵害，入侵物种不仅给全球每年带来几千亿美元的经济损失，还给人类生产、生活带来巨大隐患，现今侵袭物种已成为破坏生物多样性的第二大原因，仅次于栖息地的退化。 20世纪80年代，随着国际社会对保护生物多样性的重视，外来入侵物种对生物多样性的影响问题开始受到越来越多的关注。然而，我国对外来入侵物种的研究还处于起始阶段，尚未有关于外来入侵物种对生物多样性影响的较为全面系统的报道或综述，而法律控制方面的系统研究几乎是空白。本文研究的对象就是我国应如何从法律角度来应对正日趋严重的外来物种入侵问题。研究目的主要在于通过介绍、分析及对比国际和国外对防治外来物种入侵的有关立法情况，总结其中可供借鉴的立法经验，以供我国立法参考；并通过分析我国目前有关防治外来物种入侵立法的基本情况，反思其中不足，提出一些有益的建议。 本文共分四章进行论述：第一章对外来物种入侵的一些基本概念及基本情况进行了阐述；第二章介绍和分析了有关外来入侵物种的国际和国外立法动态；第三章介绍了我国现有有关防治外来入侵物种的法律法规及政策，并分析了存在的主要问题：第四章是文章的主体，对外来入侵物种的法律定义、立法模式、基本原则、重要制度和法律责任进行了系统探讨和研究，从而梳理出我国防治外来物种入侵的法律对策。 本文认为，加强对外来物种入侵的法律控制是必要的，也是可行的。只有构建了完善的法律体系，加大法律控制力度，才能有效阻止目前外来物种入侵问题在我国不断恶化的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 With quickening the global economy integration course and the fast developing of the foreign trade, transportation, tourism trade etc. among the whole world, all kinds of natural barriers which isolated the natural migration of the species have been broken and the speed as well as numbers of inter-countries, inter-regions migration of species has been increased. Some of the migrated species may become invading species when they have reached another ecological environment and threaten to the local ecological environment and the diversity of organisms. Therefore, it causes the problem of alien species invasion.All over the world, including our country, are suffering invasive alien species serious hurt, invasion species not only brings thousands of one-hundred millions dollars loss every year to whole world, return mankind production and life to bring huge hidden trouble. Nowadays invasion species is the second only to habitat loss as a cause of destroying biodiversity.In the 1980s, more and more people were Very aware of the alien" invasion species and their effects of ecosystems with the attention to the protection of the biological diversity. However, our country is still at the outset stage of researching the alien invasive species, for the alien invasive species and their effects of ecosystems is not reported fully, and the study on the legal controlling is on a blank space. The researching object of this essay is how to deal with the alien species invasion problem that becomes more and more serious in our country from the angle of law. The researching purpose is by introducing and comparing the legislation cases of preventing and controlling the alien species invasion of international and foreign organizations to summarize some legislation experience which can be drawn on by our country, and by summarizing the basic cases and thinking over inadequacy of present preventing and controlling the alien species invasion in our country to put forward some useful legislation advice to offer some useful train of thought ,更多还原