【作者】 姜丽丽；

【导师】 樊明寿； 郭九峰；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 植物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究利用SSR标记构建基于组合5003×P-138的分子标记连锁图谱,并对该组合的450个RIL家系在对照与干旱两种环境下的株高、产量进行初级定位,分析控制玉米株高和产量的QTL位点与遗传效应,探索玉米耐旱性的分子遗传机制,考察株高、产量及抗旱性之间的关系,为玉米耐旱性的遗传改良提供理论依据和参考。主要结果如下:1)用116个多态性SSR位点对RIL群体作基因型分析,卡方检验表明,15个位点表现基因偏分离,占总位点的12.93%,101个位点符合1:1分离,占87.07%,构建了包含101个位点的遗传图谱,覆盖玉米基因组1395.2cM,标记间平均距离为13.81cM。2)在灌溉条件下,检测到3个控制株高的QTL,分别位于第4、9、10染色体上;3个控制产量的QTL,位于第1、2、7染色体上。在干旱条件下,检测到5个控制株高的QTL,其中1个位于第3染色体上,4个位于第9染色体上;同时检测到3个控制产量的QTL,位于第2、5、6染色体上。基因作用方式为加性,不同水分条件下检测出的QTL不同,但找到1个相对稳定的QTL(第2染色体上,临近bnlg1225的控制产量的位点)。3)在两种水分处理下,株高与区产的相关性均达到了极显著水平(r=0.13,0.16),但回归系数不高,这可以从QTL定位结果中找到微观的理论解释。从整体上看,干旱处理的相关系数比正常灌溉的大,这也进一步证明了在干旱胁迫下,对抗旱性的筛选要比正常灌溉下更有意义。另外发现,两种水系下株高与抗旱系数的相关性均不显著,也说明了仅凭株高这一项对抗旱性的选择是不够的。4)经回归分析得出区产与株高和百粒重的线性回归方程: Y(正常)=33.41+2.18X1+23.26X2;Y(干旱)=-51.65+2.31X1+27.04X2模拟株高、百粒重和区产之间的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Genetic linkage map of maize groups based on 5003×P-138 developed by using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and the plant height and yield of 450 RIL lines under normal and drought condition were primarily mapped, QTL points and genetic effect which controlled plant height and yield of maize, molecular genetic mechanism of drought tolerance were discussed, the relation between plant height, yield and drought tolerance were analyzed. The aim of this study was designed to provide theoritical reference for the genetic improvement of drought tolerance character in maize. The main results were as follows:1) RIL groups based on 116 polymorphism SSR positions were analyzed genotypically, Chi-square tests showed that: 15 positions represented genetic segregation distortion, were 12.93% in total positions,101 positions accorded with 1:1 segregation, were 87.07%, genetic map containing 101 positions was finished, covering with 1396.2 cM in genome of maize, the average distance was 13.81 cM.2) Under irrigation condition, 3 QTL positions controlled plant height were detected, located 4,9,10 chromosome respectively; 3 QTL positions controlled yield located 1st,2nd,7th chromosome respectively. Under drought condition, 5 QTL positions controlled plant height were detected, 1 of them was located in 3rd chromosome, 4 of them was located in 9th chromosome; and 3 QTL positions controlled yield were detected, located in 2nd,5th,6th chromosome respectively. Gene action manner was additive variance, and QTL positions were different under different water condition, but 1 relatively stable QTL position (was located in 2nd chromosome, drawing on the bnlg1225 position controlled yield) find.3) Under two treatment conditions, the relativity of plant height and yield reached at 0.13,0.16 level, but regression coefficient was lower, these can be confirmed from the results of QTL mapping. The relativity coefficient of drought treatment condition was bigger than the normal irrigation condition in the whole, the selecting of drought stress characteristic was more significant than under the normal irrigation. In addition, the relativity of plant height and 100-grain weight was not prominent under two water conditions, the results showed that selecting of drought stress characteristic via plant更多还原