【作者】 沈美英；

【导师】 孙海洲； 卢德勋； 高民；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究选用9只健康的安装有永久性瘤胃和十二指肠近端瘘管的内蒙古半细毛羯羊,研究日粮内不同粗饲料品质分级指数(GI,Grading index)对绵羊瘤胃发酵功能和微生物区系的影响。本试验分为4部分,利用GI预测模型配制成不同GI水平的日粮,即为高GI组(HGI组)、中GI组(MGI组)和低GI组(LGI组)日粮;利用尼龙袋法测定三组日粮中粗饲料DM、NDF在瘤胃内的降解率;三组日粮条件下绵羊瘤胃内环境指标及营养物质流通规律的变化;利用地高辛标记的三种瘤胃纤维分解菌(黄化瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸拟杆菌)的16SrRNA种特异性寡核苷酸探针和一种细菌通用探针,采用尼龙膜斑点杂交技术测定瘤胃内三种纤维分解菌占总细菌的相对百分数。本研究结果表明:LGI组、MGI组和HGI组的GI值分别为0.17、0.36和1.22MJ;三组日粮中粗饲料DM在瘤胃内的降解率均为LGI组<MGI组<HGI组;与其它两组相比,HGI组有提高瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸中丙酸浓度、十二指肠总氮和微生物氮流通量的趋势,三组日粮对瘤胃内乙酸/丙酸比、瘤胃NH3-N浓度没有显著影响(P>0.05); LGI组、MGI组和HGI组产琥珀酸拟杆菌、白色瘤胃球菌占总细菌的相对百分数分别为10.01%、7.90%、11.92%和3.19%、5.24%、6.30%。而黄化瘤胃球菌占总细菌的相对百分数为MGI组高于HGI组和LGI组,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。HGI组有提高产琥珀酸拟杆菌、白色瘤胃球菌和三种纤维分解菌占总细菌相对百分数的趋势。综上所述:不同GI水平日粮均可影响瘤胃微生物区系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nine healthy Inner Mongolian semi-fine wool sheep,fitted with permanent ruminal and proximal duodenum fistula. The paper mainly studied the effect of different forage quality grading index on rumen fermentation and microflora of sheep .The experiment was composed of four parts.PartⅠ:Diets were divided into three groups by using Model of Forage Grading Index Parameters, namely high forage grading index (HGI) group、middle forage grading index(MGI) group and low forage grading index(LGI) group;PartⅡ:the degradability of forage DM and NDF in the rumen of sheep were determined by in situ technique;PartⅢ:the rumen environment change and the Flow rule of nutrition substance of rumen and duodenum were determined at different three diets;PartⅣ:The relative amount of three ruminal predominant cellulolytic bacteria (Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes) were determined by nylon membrane fleck Blotting using oligonecleotide probes of 16SrRNA.The results indicated: Grading index value of LGI group、MGI group and HGI group were 0.17、0.36 and 1.22MJ respectively;The change trend of degradability of forage DM was LGI<MGI <HGI;In contrast to other groups, High forage grading index group tended to be higher in the propionate concentrations of total Volatile Fatty Acids、the Flow total nitrogen and microbial nitrogen(MN)in the duodenum,Three diets had no significant effects on the pH、concentration of NH3-N and Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) of the rumen (P>0.05). For LGI group、MGI group and HGI group ,The relative percentage of F.suc and R.alb in total bacteria amounts were 10.01%、7.90%、11.92%and3.19%、5.24%、6.30%respectively. But MGI group was higher than HGI and LGI group on the relative percentage of R.fla .in total bacteria amounts. High forage grading index was higher relative percentage of Fibrobacter succinogenes、Ruminococcus albus and total cellulolytic bacteria(P>0.05).From above: rumen microorganisms varied with diets of different forage grading index.更多还原