【作者】 贾志欣；

【导师】 李冀辉；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 有机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工农业生产的发展,人类有限的水资源受到日益严重的污染。污染来源于工业排放的污水,其中水体中的各种染料毒性大,色泽深,难降解严重危害了生态环境。同时农业使用的各种各样的农药,包括杀虫剂、除草剂、助长剂等也日益增多。这些污染严重的影响了人类的生存,解决这些水污染的问题也越发紧迫。 目前染料废水的脱色处理方法有物理法、化学法、生化法等。物理法中的吸附法是最常见的方法,它是一种物质附着在另一种物质表面上的过程。多孔性固体物质可作为吸附剂,如活性炭,吸附树脂等:化学方法主要是用一些氧化物作为催化剂光降解,催化剂主要有TiO₂、Zn_O、SnO₂等氧化物或者是它们的混合物;生化方法主要是用微生物来降解。 膨胀石墨吸附材料是一种疏松多孔的蠕虫状物质,形态上形成大量的网络状微孔结构,具有较大的比表面积,较高的表面活性,是一种亟待开发的吸附材料。同时它还具有低密度、质轻的特点,并且耐氧化、耐腐蚀、具有高的化学稳定性,还可以耐高温、低温、无毒、不会造成环境污染。而TiO₂具有非常好的化学热稳定性、抗磨损性、价廉、无毒、好的光催化效果等优点,因此负载TiO₂的膨胀石墨将膨胀石墨的吸附作用和TiO₂的的光降解作用结合起来,将在环境污染的治理方面具有广阔的应用前景。 本论文的主要工作: 1、制备出负载TiO₂和其它氧化物的膨胀石墨,采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、x衍射、能谱等手段对负载氧化物的膨胀石墨进行表征,获得了它们的结构、形貌和表观性能的相关信息。 2、研究不同膨化温度下负载TiO₂的膨胀石墨对染料甲基橙和几种常用农药的吸附和光催化性能。 3、初步探讨负载TiO₂的膨胀石墨对染料和农药的吸附和光降解作用的机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently with the development of industry and agriculture, the finite water resource is increasingly polluted. The pollution comes from mostly the wastewater disposed of industry which is of heavy toxicity, high concentration, deep color and complicated constitutions so that it is difficult to be decomposed. It endangers the zoology environment;meanwhile, the pesticide in agriculture, including insecticide, herbicide and growth enhancer, is applied increasingly. The pollution has seriously influenced on human life, so it is very urgent to solve these problems.So far the decoloring methods have been used including the physical, chemical and biological means etc. The physical method is most familiar to the adsorption that is an attachment process from a matter to another. Porous solid substances can be used as adsorbents, for example, the activated carbon, adsorption resin and so on. The chemical methods mostly use some oxides, such as TiO₂, ZnO, SnO₂ or mixture of them, as photocatalyst. The biochemical methods use microbe for deposition.The expanded graphite is a kind of loose, porous and worm-like material that forms the structure of network on the surface and inside. It has greater surface and higher surface activity. Meanwhile, it has many characters, for example, difficult oxidation, anti-erosion, high chemical stability, besides low density, light weight, nontoxic, no pollution. So it is regarded as a good adsorption material. At the same time, TiO₂ has many merits such as thermal stability, resist-abrasion, cheaper and good photocatalyst and so on. So the expanded graphite of inserting TiO₂ combines the absorption of expanded graphite with the photocatalysis of TiO₂, and it will have capacious applied future in dealing with the environmental pollution. Main contents in this thesis:1. In the thesis, the expanded graphite of inserting TiO₂ and the other oxides are prepared. And the structure and apparent performance are studied by means of SEM, TEM, XRD, EDX, and received relevant information.2. The adsorption and photocatalysis of expanded graphite of inserting TiO₂ for thedye of methyl orange and several pesticides are researched.3. The mechanism that expanded graphite of inserting TiO2 adsorbs and catalyses dyes and pesticides is investigated.更多还原