【作者】 贾金萍；

【导师】 黄华芳；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 石油和天然气是关乎国计民生的战略资源。就全世界而言,当前在能源消费结构中居前三位的依次为石油、煤炭和天然气,石油在一次能源消费中的比例大约是36%。在我国,石油在一次能源消费中的比例大约是22%～23%,并呈逐年稳步上升的趋势。 从全球的油气资源形势来看,随着社会经济发展对油气资源需求量的不断增长,油气的供求矛盾也日益突出。在我国,油气生产自上个世纪90年代初就已经不能满足国家的需要,从1993年开始我国就成为石油净进口国。自2003年以来,我国又成为居美国之后的第二大石油消费国。2005年我国原油产量为18150×10~4t,原油和油品净进口量为13617×10~4t,成为居美国、日本之后的世界第三大原油进口国。按照目前我国石油产储量及其增长比率估算,今后国内原油年产量到2020年将保持在1.8×10~8t～2.0×10~8t左右,而2020年我国石油消费量将增至5×10~8t,有大约3×10~8t需要进口,对外依存度将高达60%,这将给国家石油安全和经济安全带来严重威胁。因此,加快油气资源保证能力建设是国家社会经济发展的迫切需要。 多年来大港油田的油气资源开发对缓解我国能源供求矛盾、促进社会经济发展做出了贡献。继续深入研究大港油田的油气资源分布规律及勘探开发潜力,探讨将资源优势转变为经济优势的途径,对国家尤其是河北省地方经济发展具有重要意义。 大港油田位于天津市东南50余公里的渤海西缘,在地质构造上位于黄骅坳陷,油气资源勘探总面积18698km~2。 该油田始建于1955年,到目前已累计发现各类油气田20多个,产油12234×10~4t,多年位居中国八大油田行列,近几年原油年产量稳定在430×10~4t左右,天然气产量3×10~8m~3。 大港油田油气勘探经历了区域普查阶段(1955～1963年)、区域勘探阶段(1964～1966年)、勘探开发南、北大港阶段(1967～1969年)、全面发展勘探阶段(1970～1975年)、复式油气藏勘探阶段(1976～1986年)、滚动勘探更多还原

【Abstract】 Petroleum and natural gas are a matter of national strategic resources. Following coal and natural gas in the current energy consumption structure, petroleum in the proportion of primary energy consumption is about 36% in the whole. In China, petroleum consumption amount to about 22%~23% and it has been steadily increasing.From the global oil and gas resources situation, with the socio-economic development of the growing demand for oil and gas resources, the supply and demand contradiction for oil and gas resources is increasingly conspicuous. In China, since the early 1990s on the last century oil and gas production has been unable to meet the national needs, since 1993 China has become a net importer of oil. Since 2003 China has been the second largest petroleum consuming countries following the United States. In 2005 crude oil output is 181.5 million tons, crude oil and petroleum import is 136.17 million tons, ranking after the United States and Japan. China is the third largest crude oil import country. According to the current growth rate of Chinese oil production and reserves, it is estimated that the domestic crude oil production by the year 2020 would remain at 180-200 million tons, while in 2020 Chinese petroleum consumption will increase to 500 million tons, thus 300 million tons petroleum need to be imported, with foreign dependence being as high as 60%. This will seriously threat to national petroleum and economic security. Therefore, to speed up the capacity-building of oil and gas resources is an urgent need for social and economic development in the country.For many years Dagang oil field has made the contributions to alleviate the supply and demand contradictions of the energy, and to promote the socio-economicdevelopment. To continue thoroughly studying the Dagang oil field resources distribution patterns and the potential of exploration and exploitation, to discuss the approach of transforming the resource advantage into the economical advantage, it is of great significance in particular to the local economic development in Hebei province.Dagang oil field is located more than 50 kilometers southeast of Tianjin Bohai west bank. In geologic formations, it is located in the Huanghua depression, the total exploration area is 18,698 square kilometers.The oil field was built in 1955, and was found more than twenty oil and gas fields, it has produced 122.34 million tons of the petroleum. For many years, it is among the ranks of China’s eight major oil fields, the crude oil production in recent years is steady about 4.3 million tons, more than 300 million cubic meters of the natural gas production.Dagang oil field has experienced regional census stage (1955-1963), regional exploration stage (1964-1966), the exploration and development of the South and North Dagang stage (1967-1969), the comprehensive development and exploration stage (1970-1975), the composite oil and gas reservoirs exploration stage (1976-1986), rolling exploration and exploitation stage (1987-1990), Beach exploration stage (1991- today). At each stage the Dagang oil field has played a great role in promoting our country development, especially to Hebei province.In Huanghua depression Dagang oil field identified seven sags, seven sets of oil and gas layer, twenty-three secondary tectonic belts. In the level Oil and gas reservoirs have the characteristics of north-south difference, while zonal structure around the central in the open sag;the south of narrow Kongdian distribute along the main strip. In the vertical oil and gas reservoirs distribute on multiple floors. Dagang oil field has a number of oil sags, multi-fracture activities, and many types of oil and gas reservoirs. The main sags are higher level and the trap and reservoir bed are good, consequently there are many beneficial high-yield oil and gas zones.Beach area is the most advantageous reserve resources of Dagang oil field. It lies in the two advantageous sags of Beitang and Qikou, where there is abundant oiland gas resources, trapping construction and reservoir rocks combination are beneficial, it is calculated to 1.1 billion tons of petroleum resources and 295.1 billion cubic meters of natural gas resources.According to the Beach exploration and exploitation plan, Dagang oil field will be invested more than 50 billion RMB for the exploration and exploitation in the beach, for additional oil geology reserves of 20 million tons annually, for the new capacity reach to 400,000 tons, with an annual 500 million tons of oil till 2010. At present a hundred million ton of reserves has been formed in the southern beach of Dagang oil field and has showed its wonderful prospects, it will give the more resources to support Hebei province local economy in the future.The way that Dagang oil field promotes Hebei province economic development mainly embodies the resources pulling, the investment pulling, the industrial base pulling,, the human resources pulling, escalation of industrial and energy structure pulling and so on. These modes embody the unilateral support of Dagang oil field to the local economic construction, and to achieve sustainable development requires breaking the traditional one-way support and searching for win-win ways.Looking at the future, the 21st century will be the maritime century. From the standpoint of the ocean economic development, the integration development of land and sea resources must follow the path of changing the resource advantages into economic advantages. Hebei province should use the rich oil and gas resources of Dagang Beach oil field, by the unique location advantages and port advantages in Cangzhou city, to develop the marine oil and gas industry-oriented industry, to build large oil refining and ethylene production projects, to extend the industry chain of oil and gas, to develop the blue industrial group, to promote the region and the axis of the whole province development, to obtain higher economic and ecological environmental efficiency, to create a win-win development situation of oil field and the local economy.更多还原