【作者】 韩铁城；

【导师】 刘晓地； 武克忠；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 物理化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 能源利用是人类文明发展的主要动力。目前全球范围的能源危机对开发新能源及节能技术提出了迫切要求,而储能技术又是解决上述问题的重要环节。利用固—固相变材料的储能技术具有明显的性能优势。但目前看这类材料不仅种类少,且伴有各种不便于应用的缺陷。 本论文所研究的层状钙钛矿物质C_uH_2n+1MCl具有固—固相变储能材料的几乎所有优点,但其较高的价格因素及相对较小的焓变值使其难以规模化地应用。怎样在保持该物质优良性能的前提下而提高其性价比,具有明显的应用价值也有一定的理论意义。本论文中我们采用元素分析、X射线衍射、变温红外技术以及示差扫描量热等实验手段,围绕着提高性价比这一目标,分四部分对上述物质及其二元体系进行了较系统的探讨。 第一部分将制备扩展至含S区金属的部分的系列化合物,元素分析,红外光谱及X射线衍射结果表明含钙、镁等金属离子的系列化合物仍为类似的层状结构,并给出了相应的层间距值,示差扫描量热及热动力学理论分析结果表明某些含Ca类的相应物质具有较好的储能热力学与热动力学性质。其结果不仅扩大了材料的种类,在一定程度上提高了性价比,更重要的是这方面的探索有助于加深对本类物质结构和性能的认识。 第二部分研究了由含不同金属化合物所形成的二元体系,通过X射线衍射确定了其结构参数,用示差扫描量热对其储能性质做出测试并将上述结果与纯样做了系统的对比,发现由不同类型金属形成的二元体系其焓变值在相变温度区间内的分布情况有着不同的表现,其中均由八面体型金属化合物生成的二元体系其焓变值趋于发散,而含四面体型金属化合物的二元体系焓变值趋于集中,后种情况也是改良本体系储能性质的一条途径。 第三部分为由含不同链长的Co的化合物所形成的二元体系研究,为全面了解不同链长对二元体系性能的影响,我们用示差扫描量热确定了各不同组成化合物的相变点温度及其焓变值,辅以变温红外及X射线衍射,绘制出C₁₀CoCl/C₁₈CoCl及C₁₀CoCl/C₁₂CoCl两个相图,并对本二元体系的部分贮能性质进行了分析。由不同链长的本类化合物所形成的二元体系,对改善本类物质更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy usage is a driving force of the development of our human society. Now the worldwide energy resource crisis urges the new energy exploiting and the energy save technology however the energy storage technology is one of the key factors to the problem solving. Using solid-solid phase change material to store energy has so many advantages to the other materials .But there are few suitable these materials for practice usage now. A set of materials with formula (C_nH_2n+12MCl₄ is a typical solid-solid phase change material and it possess almost all the merits of the solid-solid phase change materials .The only fault of the material for practice usage is its higher price and lower enthalpies . So it is obviously valuable to promoter the property price ratio of the materials. For this reason we take element analysis, X-ray diffraction, IR spectra at various temperatures and differential scanning calorimetric （DSC） as experimental methods and study the solid-solid phase change materials and their binary systems systemically in four sections for the dissertation.In the first section a new serial materials of this kind has been synthesized and element analysis, X-ray diffraction and IR spectra technology were used to represent them. Differential scanning calorimetric （DSC） and thermal analysis kinetics （TAK） results shown some of these materials have the proper property for energy storage. It enlarges the scope of the materials and is worth to understand the relations between the structure and the property of these materials.In the second section the binary systems of the materials with different metals ion were prepared. The interlayer data of the binary systems of the materials were inferred from the X-ray diffraction results which having been gotten earlier. The results of differential scanning calorimetric indict that the enthalpies of the binary systems of the two associated octahedral metal ion compounds divide in phase change temperature range while the single tetrahedral ion binary systems convene. Addition to the TAK results this phenomenon is useful to better the energy storageproperly of this kind of materials.In the third section the binary systems of the materials of different chains were prepared. Differential scanning calorimetric （DSC） was used to determine the phase change temperatures of the CisCoCl/CioCoCl and C12C0CI/C10C0CI binary systems at different components. Aided by the X-ray diffraction and IR spectra at various temperatures two phase diagram were established. Some data of the energy storage properties of these materials were determined.In the last section the feature of the phase change of the materials was treated theoretically. The mechanics of the phase change of the materials was discussed .And a relation between the possible limit enthalpies and the chains n was given. The factors that make the boundaries of the quality that we want to promoter are illustrated. All the results will be beneficent to find the alterative materials with higher property price ratio.更多还原