【作者】 杨宇；

【导师】 路海东；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 中学阶段是人一生中心理发展的关键时期,人的个性将在这一时期初步定型,而且很多的心理问题也会在这一时期显露出来,并将影响其一生的心理发展。为了了解师大附中初中学生心理健康总体水平,为学校教育教学提供一定的科学依据,本研究采用华东师范大学周步成等主编的《中学生心理健康诊断测验》(MHT)为测验工具,对初中1708名学生进行了测试,使用SPSS12.0对数据进行了统计。本研究的结果如下:目前我校初中学生有学习焦虑的占30.23%,有对人焦虑的占29.75%,有孤独倾向的占29.17%,有自责倾向的占13.66%,有过敏倾向的占35.69%,有身体症状的占35.22%,有恐怖倾向的占3.40%,有冲动倾向的占35.87%,从调查与统计结果看,我校初中学生主要在冲动倾向、身体症状、过敏倾向和学习焦虑方面有问题。1东北师大附中初中学生心理健康的总体水平比较好,但在学习焦虑、冲动倾向、身体症状和过敏倾向维度上存在问题。2东北师大附中初中学生心理健康状况存在一定的性别差异。男女生总体在对人焦虑上差异达到显著水平,女生的对人焦虑高于男生,孤独倾向上,性别差异显著,女生显著高于男生,身体症状方面,性别差异显著,女生的身体症状得分高于男生,恐怖症状维度方面,女生显著高于男生。冲动症状方面男生显著高于女生,存在性别差异。3.东北师大附中初中学生心理健康状况存在一定的年级差异。初一年级在对人焦虑、孤独倾向、身体症状和恐怖倾向方面和初二、初三年级都存在显著差异;初一年级的心理健康状况明显不如初二和初三年级;初一年级只在过敏倾向方面优于初二年级;初二初三年级心理健康状况总体上无显著差异,只是在过敏倾向方面比初二年级好。4.影响东北师大附中初中学生心理健康的原因既有外部环境的作用,也有个体自身因素的影响。外部环境因素包括学校、家庭和社会。学校的因素如应试教育的影响、教师心理惩罚的影响、学校对学生心理健康教育的重视程度等。家庭的因素包括家庭教育的影响、孩子与家长之间存在代沟、家长对孩子的期望值过高、家庭情感环境的影响。社会因素如不健康的文化氛围、不良的社会环境、片面的人才观、同学间的不良影响。个体因素包括学生的先天素质和个性特点。如学生自我评价不客观。生理成熟与心理相对不成熟的冲突。集体中人际关系的好坏等都会影响初中学生的心理健康.5.根据东北师大附中学生的心理健康状况及对学生产生心理问题的原因分析,应采取以下对策:(1)开设心理健康课程;(2)介绍方法,自我保健,培养能力;(3)建立健全学校心理咨询机构,设立信箱,开展咨询,互相交流;(4)建立心理健康教育协会;(5)构建环境,营造氛围;(6)办好家长学校,使家长掌握科学的教育方法;(7)优化社会环境,为初中生的健康成长营造良好的社会文化氛围。更多还原

【Abstract】 The stage of the middle school is a sensitive period in all mental development, the person’s character will be form initially, and a lot of mental problems also will rear out in this stage, and will affect the middle school students ’mental development of the whole life. For the sake of knowing the total level of the mental health of junior school students attached to normal university, and offering some advice for the teaching ,the study adopted the scale redacted by Bucheng.zhou of the East Normal University --《- Mental and Healthy Diagnostic Test of Middle student》( MHT) as the tool, testing 1708 students of junior school, using SPSS12.0 to hand the data.Results of the study as follows: Currently in junior school attached to North-east Normal University students has 30.23% showed study anxiety, 29.75% to person’s anxiety, the standing alone tendency has 29.17%, the self-reproach tendency has 13.66%, the allergic tendency has 35.69%, the body symptom has 35.22%, the terrible tendency has 3.4%, impulse tendency has 35.87%.From investigate and statistical results to see, junior school attached to North-east Normal University students is mainly to have problems in the aspects of impulse tendency, body symptom, allergy tendency and study anxiety.1.The total mental health level of junior school attached to North-east Normal University is better. But there exist some problems in some aspects in some degree, just as study anxiety and so on.2. The health level of junior school attached to North-east Normal University showed some difference in sex.3. There are different states in three grades.4. Affect mental health of junior school attached to Normal University students has the function of the environment, also have the influence of the individual oneself factors. The exterior environment factors include the school, family and societies. The factors of the school : such as educational influence just for scores , teachers, mental punishment influence, degree of school considering healthy educational value etc. Family factor: the existence of generation gap, parents `influence, child and parents expect child highly, the influence of the family emotion environment. Social factors : such as ill-health of bad influence of cultural atmosphere, bad social milieu, unilateral talented person’s view, companions bad influence each other. The individual factors include the student’s inborn character and the characteristics , such as students` ego-- evaluated not objective, the conflict in mature of physiology and not mature of mental , collective and interactions ect.. will affect the junior school student mental health.5. According to the mental and healthy condition of junior school attached to Normal University students, and about reason analysis of mental problem on students, should adopt the following education counter plan :(1). Set up the mental and healthy course; (2). Introduce the method, ego health care, and training ability; (3). Build up the school mental consultation organization, establish the mailbox, open the consultation, mutual exchanges; (4). Build up更多还原