【作者】 郭新春；

【导师】 冯江；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以38种中药丙酮提取物为材料,以棉花枯萎病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、杨树溃疡病菌和油菜菌核病菌4种植物病原菌为供试菌种,测定了中药提取物对4种病菌的生物活性并初步得出如下结果:1.在供试质量浓度为0.05g/mL时,公丁香、八角茴香、川芎、姜黄、黄岑、知母、当归、肉桂、丹皮、肉豆蔻、补骨脂、茜草、丹参和青蒿提取物对所有供试菌菌丝生长抑制作用的抑制率均在60%以上,其中公丁香、肉桂和丹皮提取物抑菌活性最好,对至少3种供试菌的抑制率均为100%;羌活、青木香、白术、提取物抑菌活性次之,对其中3种供试菌的抑菌活性均大于60%;郁金、地榆提取物的抑菌活性也较好,对其中2种供试菌的抑菌活性均大于60%。2.在供试质量浓度为0.1g/mL时,公丁香、八角茴香、黄岑、小茴香、诃子和茜草提取物能强烈抑制棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制作用,抑制率均为100%;川芎、羌活、知母、肉桂、丹皮、黄连提取物对棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制作用显著,抑制率均在90%以上;防己、莪术、白术、肉豆蔻、补骨脂和青蒿提取物对孢子萌发抑制活性次之,抑制率均在60%以上。3.公丁香、肉桂、丹皮、八角茴香、川芎、黄岑、羌活和知母等8种中药作为植物源杀菌剂值得进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of 38 kinds of Chinese herbs actone extracts on hypae growth and spore germination were evaluated and measured. The results are as follows:Firstly, all tested Chinese herb extracts have inhibiting effects in extent at the concentration of 0.05 g/mL. The extracts of Eugenia caryophyllata, Illicium verum, Curcuma longa, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Cinnamomum cassia, Paeonia suffruticosa, Myristica fragrans, Fructus Psoraleae,Rubia cordifolia, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Artemisia annua had more than 60% inhibiting rate on all tested fungi, especially, the extract of E. caryophyllata, C. cassia and P. suffruticosa had the best inhibiting effect with 100% inhibiting rate on at least 3 kinds of tested fungi. The extracts of Notopterygium incisum, Aristolochia debilis, Atractylodes macrocephala also showed good antifungal properties but with less extent, they all have more than 60% inhibiting rates to the hypha growth of at least 3 kinds of fungi. The extracts of Curcuma aromatica and Sanguisorba officinalis also had good antifungal properties, they all have more than 60% inhibiting rates to the hypha growth of 2 kinds of fungi.Secondly, all Chinese herb extracts tested had the inhibiting effect on germination of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum in extent at the concentration of 0.1 g/mL. The extracts of Eugenia caryophyllata, Illicium verum, cutellaria baicalensis, Terminalia chebula, Rubia cordifolia and Fructus Foeniculi can completely stopped the germination of sporangia. The extracts of Ligusticum chuanxiong, Notopterygium incisum, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Cinnamomum cassia, Paeonia suffruticosa and Coptis chinensis had more than 90% inhibiting rates. The extracts of Stephania tetrandra, Curcuma aerugionosa, Atractylodes macrocephala, Myristica fragrans, Fructus Psoraleae and Artemisia annua also showed good antifungal properties but with less extent, they all had more than 60% inhibiting rates.Thirdly, as bio-fungicides, further research are needed for E. caryophyllata, C. cassia, P. suffruticosa., I. verum, L. chuanxiong, S. baicalensis, N. incisum and A. asphodeloides.更多还原